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The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study
Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2015
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| _version_ | 1867613699446931456 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Naidoo, Vinny |
| author_browse | Naidoo, Vinny |
| author_facet | Naidoo, Vinny |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2014. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/46035 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:40:18.073Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateRange | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/46035 The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study Naidoo, Vinny Fourie, Tamsyn Ann UCTD Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2014. The safety of a single oral dose of carprofen (11.5 mg/kg), flunixin (1 mg/kg) and phenylbutazone (1.7 mg/kg) was evaluated in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) by means of a four-way parallel study, using two birds per treatment. Clinical observations, clinical pathology and necropsy examinations were determining factors. Clinical signs of lethargy and depression were noted in one of the carprofen (CRP), two of the flunixin (FXN) and one of the phenylbutazone (PBZ) treated birds. Serum alanine transferase (ALT), albumin, sodium, calcium, potassium and uric acid (UA) concentrations were monitored up to 48 hours post dosing. Mild reversible inhibition of UA excretion was evident in all three groups, although UA remained within population reference intervals. All treatment groups had a drug concentration responsive ALT increase. No pathological lesions where noted on histopathology. Oral absorption of CRP, FXN and PBZ was characterised by a maximum plasma concentration of 1051.8 ± 620.7 ng/ml, 335.9 ± 36.3 ng/ml and 11150 ± 2474.9 ng/ml obtained in 4 ± 4.3, 0.45 ± 0.02 and 5.3 ± 5.2 hours respectively and a half-life of elimination of 13.3 ±5, 1.8±1 and 18.7 ±11.4 hours respectively. The volume of distribution was 13.62 ± 9.91 L/kg (CRP); 3.29± 0.75 L/kg (FXN) and 0.13 ± 0.03 L/kg (PBZ). Area under the curve until the last time point was 21.72± 20.10; 0.78± 0.28 and 263.35 ±68.69 μg/mL*h for CRP, FXN and PBZ respectively. Glucuronidation was identified in FXN and CRP treated birds. The long half-life of PBZ and CRP creates concern that accumulative toxicity may occur. Both FXN and PBZ are potentially hepatotoxic indicating that clinical use or the presence thereof in the food-chain should be avoided. CRP may be of clinical benefit in the vulture, but only as a single treatment. This drug should also be safe in the case of possible contamination of the food chain, as it is unlikely that vultures will be exposed to the drug often enough for it to be cumulative tm2015 Paraclinical Sciences MMedVet Unrestricted 2015-07-02T11:06:35Z 2015-07-02T11:06:35Z 2015/04/22 2014 Dissertation Fourie, TA 2014, The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study, MMedVet Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46035> A2015 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46035 en © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title | The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title_full | The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title_fullStr | The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title_short | The safety of carprofen, flunixin and phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) – a pilot study |
| title_sort | safety of carprofen flunixin and phenylbutazone in the cape vulture gyps coprotheres a pilot study |
| topic | UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46035 |