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A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2015
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| _version_ | 1867613543389462528 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Du Toit, Peet J. |
| author_browse | Du Toit, Peet J. |
| author_facet | Du Toit, Peet J. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/46054 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:49.221Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateRange | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/46054 A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients Du Toit, Peet J. Nyakale, Nozipho E. Jansen van Vuuren, Stephanus Petrus UCTD Physiology Nuclear Medicine Zolpidem Rehabilitation Brain damage Semiquantification Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014. This project represents one of the foundation steps to a collaboration between the Department of Human Physiology, University of Pretoria and the Nuclear Medicine Department at Steve Biko Academic hospital. Following the initial discovery of the surprising effect zolpidem has on patients in persistent vegetative states in 1999 by Dr H.W. Nel - namely that zolpidem administration results in a significant qualitative increase in brain function, to the extent that patients were able to once again communicate and respond appropriately to their surroundings - much data has been collected by both Dr Nel as well as the Nuclear Medicine Department of Steve Biko Hospital. Over the course of twelve years SPECT scans have been carried out on patients of various pathologies both before and after a course of zolpidem. To this day, both assessment and follow up of these and new patients is still being done by the Nuclear Medicine Department and Dr Nel. As this vast collection of data grows it has become increasingly daunting for a single research team to consolidate all this information into a usable form and an outside team has been deemed necessary to facilitate this process. The primary goal of this study was to quantify the neurological perfusion changes following zolpidem administration within responder patients. This was achieved through reprocessing and semi-quantification of the existing SPECT scan records held by the Pretoria Academic Hospital. Within the group of responder patients (n = 29), 22 patients (~76%) presented a significant increase in perfusion within at least one lesion with a range of 4.5 - 46.1% (mean = 11.9%). In opposition to this finding non-responsive lesion perfusion decreased with a significant mean change of -14.5%. For both sets the p-value was determined to be <0.01. Of all lesions measured (n = 85) 32% displayed increased perfusion after zolpidem administration, whereas 30.6% presented with a perfusion decrease. It was determined that only one lesion is required to respond to zolpidem in a positive manner to facilitate positive functional improvements with a given patient. In a small minority of patients post-zolpidem functional improvements seems to be connected to wide-spread cortical changes as opposed to singular lesional improvements. This study provides further evidence of zolpidem’s paradoxical action in a subset of brain damaged individuals. Unique quantification of results allows for additional insight and provides further understanding the physiological changes associated with zolpidem administration. tm2015 Physiology MSc Unrestricted 2015-07-02T11:06:42Z 2015-07-02T11:06:42Z 2015/04/24 2014 Dissertation Jansen van Vuuren, SP 2014, A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients, MSc Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46054> A2015 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46054 en © 2015 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Physiology Nuclear Medicine Zolpidem Rehabilitation Brain damage Semiquantification A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title | A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title_full | A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title_fullStr | A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title_short | A multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between Zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| title_sort | multifaceted retrospective analysis of the association between zolpidem administration and increased brain perfusion and function in neurologically compromised patients |
| topic | UCTD Physiology Nuclear Medicine Zolpidem Rehabilitation Brain damage Semiquantification |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46054 |