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The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2016
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| _version_ | 1867613503515262976 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Cromarty, Allan Duncan |
| author_browse | Cromarty, Allan Duncan |
| author_facet | Cromarty, Allan Duncan |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2016 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/56957 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:11.117Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateRange | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/56957 The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid Cromarty, Allan Duncan justin.gandy2@merck.com Medlen, C.E. Snyman, Jacques Rene Gandy, Justin John UCTD Fulvic acid Carbohydrate derived fulvic acid Anti-inflammatory agents Atopic dermatitis Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-04 Health sciences theses SDG-12 Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015. Background: Carbohydrate derived fulvic acid (CHD-FA) is a synthetic heavy metal free fulvic acid. Although CHD-FA has been suggested as a nutritional supplement and even a medication, there is currently no data available with regards to the systemic kinetics of CHDFA when ingested orally. Fulvic acid has shown equivalence when compared to diclofenac sodium and betamethasone in a murine hypersensitivity model when applied topically with no adverse side effects. Data from several animal studies indicate that fulvic acid administered topically or orally is safe and effective as an anti-inflammatory agent. Human in vivo safety and efficacy as well as potential in vitro genotoxicity still need to be assessed. Aim: To determine whether carbohydrate derived fulvic acid shows any genotoxic effects and whether it is safe, clinically effective as an anti-inflammatory and attempt to establish a suitable CHD-FA marker for kinetic studies. Methods: Genotoxicity was determined via an in vitro micronucleus assay. Systemic and topical safety and efficacy of CHD-FA was established via two limited participant, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled clinical trials. One to determine safety and efficacy in 30 adult male volunteers with a predetermined atopic hypersensitivity, using a skin prick test, and the second trial to test topical safety and efficacy in 40 patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. LC-MS/MS assays were conducted in order to determine whether a unique or dominant ionic analyte could be found in plasma. Discussion: In the in vitro genotoxicity tests, CHD-FA compared closely to that of the negative control with respect to the number of micronuclei observed. All tested in vivo safety parameters proved to remain constant throughout both the clinical trials. A significant decrease in flare was observed in CHD-FA treated patients following a skin prick challenge. Due to the complexity of the mass spectral fingerprints of both plasma and the fulvic acid no suitable CHD-FA markers were found. Conclusion: No genotoxicity was observed for CHD-FA treated cells. No severe adverse events occurred in either the oral or topically administered CHD-FA trials, proving CHD-FA to be systemically and topically safe. A significant decrease in wheal formation in the skin prick test, and a significant clinical improvement in atopic dermatitis compared to placebo were observed implicating that CHD-FA may act as an anti-inflammatory agent in vivo in humans. No suitable CHD-FA markers for pharmacokinetic studies in human plasma could be identified. tm2016 em2026 Pharmacology PhD Unrestricted SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-04: Quality education SDG-12: Responsible consumption and production 2016-09-26T06:59:12Z 2016-09-26T06:59:12Z 2016/09/02 2015 Thesis Gandy, JJ 2015, The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid, PhD Thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/56957> S2016 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/56957 en © 2016 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Fulvic acid Carbohydrate derived fulvic acid Anti-inflammatory agents Atopic dermatitis Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-04 Health sciences theses SDG-12 The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title | The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title_full | The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title_fullStr | The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title_short | The medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| title_sort | medicinal properties and applications of a carbohydrate derived fulvic acid |
| topic | UCTD Fulvic acid Carbohydrate derived fulvic acid Anti-inflammatory agents Atopic dermatitis Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-04 Health sciences theses SDG-12 |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/56957 |