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The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2017
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| _version_ | 1867613569825112064 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Aneck-Hahn, Natalie H. |
| author_browse | Aneck-Hahn, Natalie H. |
| author_facet | Aneck-Hahn, Natalie H. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2017 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/63041 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:38:14.452Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateRange | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/63041 The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices Aneck-Hahn, Natalie H. mafuzafulele.slie@gmail.com De Jager, Christiaan Ngcobo, Silindile Surface water Drinking water Endocrine disrupting chemicals Estrogenic activity Androgenic activity In vitro bioassay YES assay T47D-KBluc reporter gene assay MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay Water monitoring Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-06 Health sciences theses SDG-12 Health sciences theses SDG-14 Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous in the environment and their presence in water bodies is documented. They discharge into surface water (SW) unmonitored, posing a threat to both aquatic and terrestrial lives. This is a challenge as not all populations have access to treated drinking water (TDW). The EDC contaminated serves as a route of exposure, together with ineffective treatment plants. Given the complexity of the endocrine system, EDCs may mimic or antagonise natural hormones or disrupt their synthesis, metabolism and excretion. The associated health effects include testicular dysgenesis syndrome, metabolic disorders and cancers. Policy and internationally standardised test methods are however sti ll limited. This study therefore aimed to assess the suitability of two assays used for screening estrogenic activity and one for androgenic activity in different water sources. The study consisted of two phases. In phase 1, water sample (tap, surface and treated wastewater) were collected from a catchment area in Pretoria. The samples and a spiked MilliQ laboratory water sample were extracted with solid phase extraction (SPE) and sent to Germany for distribution to participating laboratories. Samples (n=24) from six different countries were received to test for androgenic activity in the MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay. In phase 2, SW and TDW samples were collected from April 2015 until March 2016. The samples were filtered, extracted using SPE and assayed with the YES assay, T47D-KBluc reporter gene assay for estrogenic activity and MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay for androgenic activity. In phase 1, androgenic activity was detected in 4 out of 24 (21%) samples and ranged from 0.23 ± 0.040 ng/L to 0.008 ± 0.001 ng/L DHTEqs. In phase 2, estrogenic activity was detected in 16 out of 24 (67%) SW samples in the T47DKBluc reporter gene assay and ranged from 0.31 ± 0.05 pg/L to 10.51 ± 5.74 pg/L EEqs. It was below the detection limit (dl) in the YES assay. Androgenic activity was detected in 4 out of 24 (17%) SW samples, ranging from 0.0033 ± 0.0050 ng/L to 0.090 ± 0.040 ng/L DHTEqs. Androgenic and estrogenic activity was higher i n pretreatment samples compared to post-treatment in both treatment plants. In phase 1, the MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay was successfully applied to water samples from different sources. Androgenic activity was highest in treated wastewater. In phase 2, treatment plants proved to be effective in removing estrogens detected in the SW samples, as the TDW samples were below the dl. Estrogenic activity is within the ranges reported in other studies. Positive samples were below the 0.7 ng/L proposed trigger value for health risk assessments. Detected androgenic activity was lower in TDW samples compared to the SW samples supplying the two treatment plants indicating that they were both effective in removing the androgenic activity detected. Few studies have reported androgenic activity in tap water. This study strengthens the argument for using a battery of assays when monitoring endocrine activity as EDCs occur at low concentrations in mixtures. em2026 School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH) MSc Unrestricted SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-06: Clean water and sanitation SDG-12: Responsible consumption and production SDG-14: Life below water 2017-11-07T07:38:30Z 2017-11-07T07:38:30Z 2017 2017 Dissertation Ngcobo, S 2017, The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices, MSc Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63041> http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63041 en © 2017 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Surface water Drinking water Endocrine disrupting chemicals Estrogenic activity Androgenic activity In vitro bioassay YES assay T47D-KBluc reporter gene assay MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay Water monitoring Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-06 Health sciences theses SDG-12 Health sciences theses SDG-14 The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title | The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title_full | The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title_fullStr | The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title_short | The suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| title_sort | suitability of estrogen and androgen bioassays for the measurement of endocrine activity in different water matrices |
| topic | Surface water Drinking water Endocrine disrupting chemicals Estrogenic activity Androgenic activity In vitro bioassay YES assay T47D-KBluc reporter gene assay MDA-kb2 reporter gene assay Water monitoring Health sciences theses SDG-03 Health sciences theses SDG-06 Health sciences theses SDG-12 Health sciences theses SDG-14 |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63041 |