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Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2021.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613517804208128 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Markotter, Wanda |
| author_browse | Markotter, Wanda |
| author_facet | Markotter, Wanda |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2019 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2021. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/78261 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:24.815Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/78261 Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species Markotter, Wanda colyngrobler12@gmail.com Coertse, Jessica Grobler, Colyn Stefan UCTD Lyssavirus Lyssaviruses Rabies Negative-sense RNA viruses Rabies virus (RABV) Lagos bat virus (LBV) Duvenhage virus (DUVV) Mokola virus (MOKV) Rabies-related viruses Insectivorous bats South Africa Viral nucleic acid surveillance Health sciences theses SDG-03 SDG-03: Good health and well-being Health sciences theses SDG-15 SDG-15: Life on land Health sciences theses SDG-17 SDG-17: Partnerships for the goals Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2021. Lyssaviruses are bullet shaped negative-sense RNA viruses that are all able to cause the fatal encephalitic disease known as rabies. The genus currently consists of 17 formally recognised viral species with one tentative species awaiting classification. The prototype virus for the Lyssavirus genus is the well-known rabies virus (RABV), while all other species in the genus are classified as rabies-related viruses. In South Africa specifically, RABV, Lagos bat virus (LBV), Duvenhage virus (DUVV), and Mokola virus (MOKV) are known to circulate, with RABV and DUVV associated with human fatalities. Active surveillance on rabies-related lyssaviruses in bats, specifically African insectivorous bat species, is either very sporadic or non-existing, providing an inaccurate overall representation of prevalence, diversity, and geographic distribution. Therefore, we conducted viral nucleic acid surveillance for lyssaviruses in different insectivorous bat species in South Africa. These samples were collected during routine field surveillance and included bats that were found dead, appeared to be displaying abnormal behavior or taken as vouchers specimens as part of bat taxonomic studies. A quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, capable of detecting the diversity of lyssaviruses were used to test extracted RNA. Three brain samples tested positive and were further characterized by conventional RT-PCR, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses targeting the nucleoprotein gene. One of the positive brains was detected from a Common slit-faced bat (Nycteris thebaica) and the other two positive brains were detected from the Natal long-fingered bat (Miniopterus natalensis). Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleoprotein indicated one detection to be a Duvenhage lyssavirus with the other two detections showing a close relationship with the West Caucasian bat virus species, previously only detected in Eastern Europe. However, a more than 20 % nucleotide divergence indicated it to be a potentially new lyssavirus species, Matlo bat lyssavirus. The virus was successfully isolated using the mouse inoculation test followed by full genome next generation amplicon sequencing. The results of the full genome characterisation further supported the initial findings with concatenated coding regions nucleotide divergence ranging between 16% and 23.7% as well as consistent phylogenetic tree topology groupings identical to initial phylogenetic analyses using multiple evolutionary models. The identification of a putative new lyssavirus highlights the importance of routine lyssavirus surveillance to understand the diversity. Further investigation is required to determine the possible reservoir species since the Natal long-fingered bats are known to co-roost with different bat species in caves. The potential of spillover to humans and other animals is unknown but people often enter these bat roosts for traditional and recreational purposes and bats do come into contact with several animal species including humans during foraging. CDC- 5 NU2GGH001874-02-00 NRF-78566 em2025 Medical Virology MSc Restricted SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-15: Life on land SDG-17: Partnerships for the goals 2021-02-04T12:21:22Z 2021-02-04T12:21:22Z 2021-05-14 2021 Dissertation Grobler, CS 2021, Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species, MSc Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78261> A2021 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78261 en © 2019 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Lyssavirus Lyssaviruses Rabies Negative-sense RNA viruses Rabies virus (RABV) Lagos bat virus (LBV) Duvenhage virus (DUVV) Mokola virus (MOKV) Rabies-related viruses Insectivorous bats South Africa Viral nucleic acid surveillance Health sciences theses SDG-03 SDG-03: Good health and well-being Health sciences theses SDG-15 SDG-15: Life on land Health sciences theses SDG-17 SDG-17: Partnerships for the goals Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title | Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title_full | Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title_fullStr | Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title_short | Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species |
| title_sort | surveillance for rabies related lyssaviruses in south african insectivorous bat species |
| topic | UCTD Lyssavirus Lyssaviruses Rabies Negative-sense RNA viruses Rabies virus (RABV) Lagos bat virus (LBV) Duvenhage virus (DUVV) Mokola virus (MOKV) Rabies-related viruses Insectivorous bats South Africa Viral nucleic acid surveillance Health sciences theses SDG-03 SDG-03: Good health and well-being Health sciences theses SDG-15 SDG-15: Life on land Health sciences theses SDG-17 SDG-17: Partnerships for the goals |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78261 |