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Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus
Dissertation (MSc (Genetics))--University of Pretoria, 2021.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613510601539584 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Maritz-Olivier, Christine |
| author_browse | Maritz-Olivier, Christine |
| author_facet | Maritz-Olivier, Christine |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2021 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Genetics))--University of Pretoria, 2021. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/79069 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:18.025Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/79069 Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus Maritz-Olivier, Christine u15032699@tuks.co.za Collins, Nicola E. Oosthuizen, Marinda C. Smit, Michaela Shannon Resistance Rhipicephalus microplus Mnisi Pyrethroid TaqMan genotyping assays UCTD Dissertation (MSc (Genetics))--University of Pretoria, 2021. Rhipicephalus microplus is a major ectoparasite of cattle that causes large economic losses. This is due to the diseases it transmits resulting in high mortality and morbidity in bovines, as well as indirect losses such as a reduced milk and meat yield, damage to hides and secondary infections which increase the need for use of antibiotics. Synthetic pyrethroids, formamidines, carbamates and organophosphates are commonly used in Africa to control the R. microplus population, as these acaricides are the most cost-effective ways to combat high tick loads. However, R. microplus has developed resistance to the above mentioned chemical acaricides. In order to overcome this problem an effective tick control strategy with rapid access to the resistance status of a population is required to enable knowledge-based selection of a suitable acaricide. This study provides an update on the resistance status of R. microplus to synthetic pyrethroids in the farming community of Mnisi, Mpumalanga, South Africa using conventional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses. A high-throughput method of identifying the resistance status of R. microplus cattle ticks to synthetic pyrethroids by making use of TaqMan® genotyping technology is also proposed. The TaqMan® assays make use of SNPs located in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene that have been linked to resistance. Field samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted for PCR, sequencing, and species identification. Positive controls and genomic DNA of known genotype were used to evaluate the accuracy of the TaqMan® assays. From the conventional SNP analyses, it is evident that there is a high level of resistance in R. microplus to synthetic pyrethroids in the Mnisi communal area. The TaqMan® assays as a high-throughput detection has potential for commercialization but still requires further optimization. The Red Meat Research and Development Trust, the Meat Industry Trust, and the National Research Foundation MSc (Genetics) 2021-03-24T11:41:51Z 2021-03-24T11:41:51Z 2021 Dissertation * http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79069 en © 2021 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. PDF application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Resistance Rhipicephalus microplus Mnisi Pyrethroid TaqMan genotyping assays UCTD Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title | Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title_full | Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title_fullStr | Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title_short | Development of a high-throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus |
| title_sort | development of a high throughput diagnostic screening tool to monitor the status of pyrethroid resistance in the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus |
| topic | Resistance Rhipicephalus microplus Mnisi Pyrethroid TaqMan genotyping assays UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79069 |