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Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells
Dissertation (MSc (Physics))--University of Pretoria, 2022.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2023
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| _version_ | 1867613597279977472 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Diale, M. (Mmantsae Moche) |
| author_browse | Diale, M. (Mmantsae Moche) |
| author_facet | Diale, M. (Mmantsae Moche) |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Physics))--University of Pretoria, 2022. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/89331 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:38:40.521Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/89331 Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells Diale, M. (Mmantsae Moche) u12318397@tuks.co.za Nombona, Nolwazi Thubane, Sandile Job UCTD Clean and green energy Power conversion efficiency Solar cell device Crystallite size Halide perovskites Dissertation (MSc (Physics))--University of Pretoria, 2022. Perovskites of cesium lead halide (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) have received a lot of attention due to their relative stability in comparison to their organic-inorganic counterparts. This study synthesized a thin film of cesium lead tribromide (CsPbBr3) by spin coating followed by dip coating and characterized it through a scanning electron microscope (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV- Vis) spectrometer, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in order to observe its morphological, optical and structural characteristics. SEM micrographs revealed pinholes within the perovskite film that significantly impacted device performance. To address this issue, we show that spin-coating phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) on CsPbBr3 thin films improves morphology and surface coverage. The optical study of CsPbBr3 thin film showed a broad UV-Vis absorption with an onset at 530 nm and an excitonic peak at 515 nm. However, CsPbBr3/PEABr preserves the optical properties of CsPbBr3. Additionally, two excitonic peaks appear at 405 and 436 nm which are attributed to a 2D perovskite PEA2Csn-1PbnBr3n+1 with n = 1 and n = 2 phase. The viscosity of PEABr was also suggested to play a role in the decrease followed by an increase in absorption of CsPbBr3/PEABr films. XRD results of CsPbBr3 film showed the impurity phase of CsPb2Br5 and a cubic CsPbBr3 structure with the Pm-3m space group. Furthermore, PEABr had no effect on the intrinsic crystal structure of CsPbBr3. The CsPbBr3 solar cell produced a low open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.3 eV and a fill factor (FF) of 30.89%, which may due to the loss of charge-carriers in the area with pinholes. This could also explain the device's low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.9%. A mixed-cation solar cell based on CsMAFAPb(IBr)3 was also designed and fabricated. This solar cell showed a photoluminescence emission at 766 nm with a charge carrier lifetime of 24 ns, which indicates that it is less prone to degradation. Current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics of CsMAFAPb(IBr)3 show a Voc and a FF of 1.14 eV and 57.32%, respectively. With this device, PCE of 13.89% was also achieved, with a short-circuit current of 23 mA/cm2. We conclude that these results may be related to the low hysteresis experienced at low voltage scan speeds of 10 mV/s. All things considered, the addition of an organic spacer to a 3D perovskite improves the morphological, optical, and structural characteristics of the as-prepared 3D perovskite film. National Research Fund (NRF). Physics MSc (Physics) Unrestricted 2023-02-08T09:27:15Z 2023-02-08T09:27:15Z 2023-04-15 2022 Dissertation Thubane, SJ 2022, Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells, MSc thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/89331 A2023 https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/89331 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.12318397.v2 en © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Clean and green energy Power conversion efficiency Solar cell device Crystallite size Halide perovskites Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title | Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title_full | Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title_fullStr | Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title_short | Growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2D/3D perovskites for solar cells |
| title_sort | growth and characterization of highly stable and layered 2d 3d perovskites for solar cells |
| topic | UCTD Clean and green energy Power conversion efficiency Solar cell device Crystallite size Halide perovskites |
| url | https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/89331 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.12318397.v2 |