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Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2022.
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University of Pretoria
2023
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| _version_ | 1867613537086472192 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Maharaj, Vinesh J. |
| author_browse | Maharaj, Vinesh J. |
| author_facet | Maharaj, Vinesh J. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2022. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/90297 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:43.241Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/90297 Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides Maharaj, Vinesh J. u17350884@tuks.co.za Dr. Dashnie, Naidoo-Maharaj Tembeni, Babalwa UCTD Medicinal plants Yuanhuacine A Natural products chemistry Nuclear magnetic resonance Mass directed purification Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2022. Two non-daphnane diterpenoids were isolated as biomarkers and later identified using one and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) as lasioerin and lasiocephalin. The preparative purification of the active fractions resulted in isolation of five daphnane diterpenoids (yuanhuacine A, yuanhuacine, a cis 2′′/3′′ isomer of gnididin, yuanhuajine and gniditrin) with viral inhibition properties as well as latency reversal activity. The compound yuanhuacine A and the mixture of yuanhuacine and the cis 2′′/3′′ isomer of gnididin showed in vitro HIV replication inhibition by > 80% at 0.08 μg/ml. Furthermore, yuanhuacine A inhibited a subtype C virus replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 0.03 μM without cytotoxicity. The mixture of compounds, yuanhuacine and the cis 2′′/3′′ isomer of gnididin in an in vitro assay also reversed HIV latency by 16.7-fold lower concentrations than the control prostratin and also reversed HIV latency in primary helper T cells (CD4+ T cells) from combinatory anti- retroviral therapy (cART)-suppressed donors with HIV similar to the protein kinase C (PKC) activator prostratin but at 6.7-fold lower concentrations. These results suggests that G. sericocephala, yuanhuacine A and the mixture of yuanhuacine and a cis 2′′/3′′ isomer of gnididin act as anti-HIV agents to improve cART efficacy and support HIV cure efforts in resource-limited regions. National Research Foundation. Department of Science and Innovation. Chemistry PhD Unrestricted 2023-03-31T06:47:58Z 2023-03-31T06:47:58Z 2023 2022 Thesis * S2023 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/90297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.22353796.v1 10.25403/UPresearchdata.22363796 en © 2022 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Medicinal plants Yuanhuacine A Natural products chemistry Nuclear magnetic resonance Mass directed purification Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title | Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title_full | Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title_fullStr | Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title_short | Characterization and isolation of anti-HIV and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of Gnidia sericocephala, Senna italica, Sclerocarya birrea and Pentanisia prunelloides |
| title_sort | characterization and isolation of anti hiv and latency reversal agents for the development of a herbal mixture of gnidia sericocephala senna italica sclerocarya birrea and pentanisia prunelloides |
| topic | UCTD Medicinal plants Yuanhuacine A Natural products chemistry Nuclear magnetic resonance Mass directed purification |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/90297 |