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One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa
Dissertation (MSc (Medical Microbiology))--University of Pretoria, 2023.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2024
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| _version_ | 1867613698047082496 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Ehlers, M.M. (Marthie Magdaleen) |
| author_browse | Ehlers, M.M. (Marthie Magdaleen) |
| author_facet | Ehlers, M.M. (Marthie Magdaleen) |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Medical Microbiology))--University of Pretoria, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/94312 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:40:16.658Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/94312 One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa Ehlers, M.M. (Marthie Magdaleen) shanerie06@gmail.com Smith, Anthony Kingsburgh, Chanel Said, Mohamed Bronkhorst, Shanerie UCTD Antimicrobial resistance One Health Run-off water Serotypes Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia Coli (STEC) Virulence genes Dissertation (MSc (Medical Microbiology))--University of Pretoria, 2023. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are known for producing cytotoxins called Shiga toxins and are prevalent in cattle. Data regarding the prevalence of STEC serotypes in South Africa is lacking. This study investigated the prevalence and genomic characteristics of clinical and environmental serotypes of STEC in South Africa, using the One Health approach. Forty-four STEC isolates were collected from a private health diagnostic laboratory and 30 run-off water samples from 10 beef abattoirs and 20 cattle feedlots. Genomic analysis involved multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays for screening Shiga toxin, O-antigen, and virulence genes. Genetic relatedness of isolates was investigated using a repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction assay, guiding the selection of isolates for WGS. The stx2 gene [43.18% (19/44)] was most prevalent, followed by the stx1 gene [34.09% (15/44)]. One isolate tested positive for both stx1 and stx2. The most prevalent serotype was O26 [29.55% (13/44)], followed by O157 [11.36% (5/44)]; both implicated in past outbreaks. Genes associated with severe illness in humans, including: stx2a, stx2c, stx2d, stx2f, eae and ehxA, were detected. Genetic diversity was apparent among isolates, except for two closely related isolates from human stool specimens. Hybrid strains containing extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli and other diarrhoeagenic E. coli virulence genes were detected in two isolates. Sequence type (ST) 14855, ST300, ST730 and ST5989, previously unreported in South Africa, were identified. Forty percent (4/10) of isolates harboured antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, including: strA, strB, sul2, tetA, tetB and dfrA. All isolates harboured multidrug-resistance-associated plasmids from the Inc-family. These results highlight the heterogeneity, genomic plasticity and propensity STEC to acquire AMR and virulence traits, increasing the bacteria’s potential to cause severe illness in humans. Farm-to-plate-to-hospital surveillance systems need to be implemented in South Africa to develop strategies to curb the spread of AMR and virulent strains of STEC. Medical Microbiology MSc (Medical Microbiology) Unrestricted Faculty of Health Sciences 2024-02-05T13:20:04Z 2024-02-05T13:20:04Z 2024-04 2023 Dissertation * A2024 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94312 10.25403/UPresearchdata.25101713 en © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Antimicrobial resistance One Health Run-off water Serotypes Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia Coli (STEC) Virulence genes One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title | One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title_full | One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title_short | One Health approach investigating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run-off water samples in South Africa |
| title_sort | one health approach investigating shiga toxin producing escherichia coli serotypes from human stool specimens and cattle run off water samples in south africa |
| topic | UCTD Antimicrobial resistance One Health Run-off water Serotypes Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia Coli (STEC) Virulence genes |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94312 |