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Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions
Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2023.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2024
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| _version_ | 1867613605255446528 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Bapela, Johanna |
| author_browse | Bapela, Johanna |
| author_facet | Bapela, Johanna |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/94375 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:38:48.199Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/94375 Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions Bapela, Johanna vnzama@gmail.com Tshikalange, Emmanuel Nzama, Victor Nhlakanipho UCTD Plasmodium Malaria Gonorrhoea Ethnopharmacology Medicinal plants Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) SDG-03: Good health and well-being Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Dissertation (MSc (Medicinal Plant Science))--University of Pretoria, 2023. Ethnopharmacological relevance: The Vhavenda use Tabernaemontana elegans Stapf. (Apocynaceae) to treat malaria and gonorrhoea. Materials and methods: The methanol crude extract of the stem bark was subjected to column chromatographic fractionation using a series of solvents with increasing polarity; hexane: dichloromethane, ethyl acetate: methanol, and distilled water. Thin layer chromatography was used to analyze fractions, and those with similar chemical profiles were combined to yield 11 fractions (A – K). Fraction F, G, I, and J was further subjected to column chromatography and fractionated with DCM, DCM and MeOH, and MeOH. Analysis using TLC was applied and fractions with comparable chemical profiles were pooled together to yield 27 fractions in total. The fractions were assayed for in vitro antiplasmodial and antigonococcal activities against Plasmodium falciparum NF54 and Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 19424. Cytotoxicity was carried out on rat skeletal muscle cell lines L6, and selectivity indices were determined. The fractions were then subjected to 1H NMR and GC-MS analyses to tentatively identify classes of compounds and phytoconstituents for the observed antiplasmodial and antigonococcal biological activities and to dereplicate known antiplasmodial compounds. Metabolomics using GC-MS was employed to discriminate between selective and non-selective antiplasmodial fractions. Results: Of the 27 assayed fractions, J4 (IC50 = 0.20 µg/ml, SI = 118) and J5 (IC50 = 0.10 µg/ml, SI = 165) had significant antiplasmodial activity. Compared to the methanol crude extract of the stem bark of T. elegans from which they were fractionated, J4 and J5 demonstrated remarkably higher antiplasmodial efficacy against P. falciparum. Fractions I1 and I4 had noteworthy antigonococcal activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 mg/ml. The two fractions showed reduced efficacy against N. gonorrhoeae when compared to the methanol crude extract from which they were fractionated. Analysis of the 1H NMR spectra of fractions J4 – J7 identified to reflect in the 0.5 – 1 ppm region. This section is represented by the class of compounds known as aliphatic hydrocarbons. The GC-MS data for fractions J4 – J7 revealed the presence of dodecane, pentadecane, and heptadecane phytoconstituents. All three compounds are alkanes (aliphatic hydrocarbon constituents). These constituents are alkanes with established antiplasmodial activity which can be tentatively attributed to the bioactivity observed in the stem bark fractions of T. elegans. Conclusion: The fractions of the methanol crude extract of the stem bark of T. elegans are great candidates for malarial and gonococcal drugs as shown in this study. Plant Science MSc (Medicinal Plant Science) Unrestricted Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences 2024-02-08T07:19:14Z 2024-02-08T07:19:14Z 2024-05-02 2023 Dissertation * A2024 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94375 V.N. Nzama, 2023. Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans Stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions (MSc thesis). University of Pretoria. en © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Plasmodium Malaria Gonorrhoea Ethnopharmacology Medicinal plants Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) SDG-03: Good health and well-being Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title | Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title_full | Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title_fullStr | Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title_short | Antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of Tabernaemontana elegans stapf. (Apocynaceae) stem bark fractions |
| title_sort | antiplasmodial and antigonococcal bioactivity of tabernaemontana elegans stapf apocynaceae stem bark fractions |
| topic | UCTD Plasmodium Malaria Gonorrhoea Ethnopharmacology Medicinal plants Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) SDG-03: Good health and well-being Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94375 |