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Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths
Thesis (DPhil (Human Movement Studies))--University of Pretoria, 1996.
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University of Pretoria
2024
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| _version_ | 1867613528697864192 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Van Wyk, Gerrie |
| author_browse | Van Wyk, Gerrie |
| author_facet | Van Wyk, Gerrie |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2021 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Thesis (DPhil (Human Movement Studies))--University of Pretoria, 1996. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/95242 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:35.225Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/95242 Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths Van Wyk, Gerrie Coetsee, M.F. Van Heerden, Hendrik Johannes UCTD Aetiological Risk Factors Sports Injuries Preparticipation Evaluation and Identification Sport injury prevention Youth Thesis (DPhil (Human Movement Studies))--University of Pretoria, 1996. In a preliminary study the incidence and nature of sports injuries among 483 primary school children was observed prospectively. A total of 76 injuries were incurred. Netball had a significantly higher (p<0, 05) injury incidence (injuries per player-hours) than hockey (1:16,4 vs 1:61,6) and soccer had a significantly lower (p<0,001) incidence than rugby ( 1: 2 0, 6 vs 1: 6, 6) . No injuries ocurred among tennis players. Ligament sprains (42%) and contusions (41%) predominated and most injuries occurred in the lower extremity (48%), followed by the head, neck and trunk collectively (30%). The primary study focussed on the preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors for injury among a cohort (N=125) of high school rugby players. Notable health history findings among subjects were syncope with exercise (1,3%); problematic paired organs (10,3%); familial heart disease (15,4%); concussion (21,8%); and previous musculoskeletal injury (61,5%) which was the most significant (p<0,05) and frequent problem experienced. Medical examination detected problems with the cardiovascular (7,7%), urinary (9,0%); and orthopaedic systems (33,3%) respectively with the last component having the highest diagnostic utility ( 62%) in yielding new findings not reported in the history. As an adjunct, subjects were screened for morphological status and muscular function. The prevalence of obesity (8%) was noted. Ipsilateral and contralateral imbalances in peak isokinetic (60° /s) torque of the quadriceps/hamstring musculature were recorded. Dominant-limb absolute (Nm) quadriceps (Q) vs hamstring (H) torque results for asymptomatic subjects (n=70) stratified by age were: 13 yrs - 100,0 ± 29,8 vs 76,9 ± 20,8; 14 yrs - 134,2 ± 29,8 vs 93,0 ± 21,7; 15 yrs - 156,8 ± 37,4 vs 109,5 ± 28,5; 16 yrs - 162,3 ± 24,2 vs 116,8 ± 23,0; 17 yrs - 223,6 ± 46,0 vs 142,6 ± 28,3. Relative (Nm/kg) quadricep and hamstring torques were: 13 yrs - 1,98 ± 0,23 vs 1,50 ± 0,08; 14 yrs - 2,32 ± 0,30 vs 1,63 ± 0,23; 15 yrs - 2,44 ± 0,38 vs 1,70 ± 0,30; 16 yrs - 2,50 ± 0,22 vs 1,80 ± 0,20; 17 yrs - 2,87 ± 0,39 vs 1,85 ± 0,22. H/Q ratios were: 13 yrs - 77,7 ± 6,0%; 14 yrs - 69,9 ± 9,6% and 15-17 yrs - 68,1 ± 9,0%. The final preparticipation evaluation disposition led to clearanc,9 being withheld from 6,4% of the players, pending referral for additional evaluation, with the remainder being granted unlimited participation. A total of 171 injuries were recorded prospectively as sustained by 76 players over the 14 weeks injury surveillance phase of the season. This resulted in an overall injury incidence of 1: 21 player-hours. When considering only those injuries resulting in a loss of at least seven days participation (major injuries), a significantly lower (p<0,01) incidence of 1:212 player-hours was recorded. In the extrinsic risk factor analysis, significantly more overall (84%;p<0,001) and major (82%;p<O,Ol) injuries occurred during matches than in practices. The overall injury incidence (injuries/ 100 player-hours) was lowest in the under-14 age group ( 3, 6) , while the under-19 11 A 11 ( 1st team) players ( 5, 2) were particularly injury prone. The highest overall ( 34, 0) and major (5,7) weekly injury incidence was observed during the four weeks fallowing the Easter vacation. Players were injured significantly more (p<0,001) during various facets of broken play (92%) than the set-pieces (8%) of scrums (7%) and line-outs (1%). Both the overall and major injury risk was greatest whilst being tackled (30 & 35%) and during open play (23 & 29%), while tackling (24%) was particularly conducive to major injury. The playing positions at highest overall and major injury risk were flyhalf (16 & 24%) and fullback (13 & 16%) while flank (16%) and wing (12%) were prone to major injury. The significant majority (98,8%;p<0,001) of injuries were acute in nature with the predominant (86%) injury mechanism being contact/collision. The lower-limbs were at significantly greater (p<0,05) overall (42%) and major (41%) injury risk. Osseous contusions were the commonest overall injury (32%) while muscle injuries, each), fractures and concussion (18% prevalent major injuries. Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences DPhil (Human Movement Studies) Unrestricted Faculty of Humanities 2024-03-15T13:21:58Z 2024-03-15T13:21:58Z 2024 1996 Thesis * http://hdl.handle.net/2263/95242 en © 2021 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Aetiological Risk Factors Sports Injuries Preparticipation Evaluation and Identification Sport injury prevention Youth Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title | Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title_full | Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title_fullStr | Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title_short | Preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| title_sort | preparticipation evaluation and identification of aetiological risk factors in the epidemiology of sports injuries among youths |
| topic | UCTD Aetiological Risk Factors Sports Injuries Preparticipation Evaluation and Identification Sport injury prevention Youth |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/95242 |