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Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis
Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2023
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2024
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| _version_ | 1867613451394744320 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Mabilane, Bongile |
| author2 | Erasmus, Alet |
| author_browse | Erasmus, Alet Mabilane, Bongile |
| author_facet | Erasmus, Alet Mabilane, Bongile |
| author_sort | Mabilane, Bongile |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2023 |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/96045 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:36:21.406Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/96045 Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis Mabilane, Bongile Erasmus, Alet Demarketing WHO Code Scale of sale of infant formula milk Theory of national competition of industries Quantitative research Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2023 Although multinational firms have placed considerable efforts to improve the safety profile of infant formula milk to best mimic breastmilk, the negative health impacts for both mother and baby remain a threat. For this reason, the World Health Organization launched a demarketing initiative, the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes, to curb the demand for infant formula milk across the globe. This study purposed to investigate the implications of such restrictive regulations on the sales of infant formula milk using a quantitative, multi-country study design. Using the Porter's Diamond Location Theory as the underpinning study framework, data was extracted from secondary sources to test eight hypotheses, mainly around key relationships between the scale of sales of infant formula milk and other independent variables. The study had a number of revelations pointing to direct and/or indirect implications. The scales of sales of infant formula milk were significantly lower in countries with stringent restrictions. Lower sales were also seen in countries with lower innovation indexes, poor water quality, and those with higher fertility rates. Secondary findings resurfaced the central roles of ethics and equity which have long plagued demarketing strategies. This paper offers pragmatic usefulness to firms wanting to gain competitiveness in the infant formula industry. Furthermore, there is academic, policy, and methodological significance concerning demarketing strategies and national competitive advantage theories. At the end, six spheres of recommendations are offered to businesses, policymakers, and scholars. pagibs2024 2024-05-17T11:21:18Z 2024-05-17T11:21:18Z 2024-04-17 2024-04-17 Mini Dissertation * A2024 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/96045 en © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Demarketing WHO Code Scale of sale of infant formula milk Theory of national competition of industries Quantitative research Mabilane, Bongile Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title | Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title_full | Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title_fullStr | Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title_short | Implications of the World Health Organization (WHO) regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country-specific indicators per the diamond location theory: A multi-country analysis |
| title_sort | implications of the world health organization who regulations concerning the sales of breast milk substitutes and country specific indicators per the diamond location theory a multi country analysis |
| topic | Demarketing WHO Code Scale of sale of infant formula milk Theory of national competition of industries Quantitative research |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/96045 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mabilanebongile implicationsoftheworldhealthorganizationwhoregulationsconcerningthesalesofbreastmilksubstitutesandcountryspecificindicatorsperthediamondlocationtheoryamulticountryanalysis |