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Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia
Thesis (PhD (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2024.
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University of Pretoria
2024
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Sole, Catherine L.
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| author_browse | Sole, Catherine L.
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| author_facet | Sole, Catherine L.
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| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Thesis (PhD (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2024. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/99394 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:39:58.958Z |
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| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/99394 Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia Sole, Catherine L. u19395605@tuks.co.za Pirk, Christian Walter Werner Yusuf, Abdullahi Ahmed Muyobela, Jackson UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Geometric morphometrcs Vehicle mounted stick trap Glossina morsitans Maxent Thesis (PhD (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2024. Glossina morsitans s.l. is an efficient vector of African trypanosomiasis, a debilitating and fatal disease of humans and livestock. This study aimed at investigating the current distribution and phenotypic population structure of G. m. centralis Machado and G. m. morsitans Westwood to inform effective vector management strategies in Zambia. To achieve these objectives, the study also evaluating a vehicle-mounted sticky trap (VST) for effective and rapid sampling of G. morsitans over large geographic areas. Randomised block design experiments were used to establish the optimal design of VST. An extensive VST based tsetse survey was then conducted in all tsetse belts in Zambia. The occurrence records obtained from this survey were used to model the distribution of G. m. centralis and G. m. morsitans using a Maxent species distribution model. Landmark-based wing geometric morphometrics was undertaken to investigate the population-level phenotypic variation of the two subspecies. There were no significant differences in catch indices of VST constructed using an all-blue, all-black and 1:1 blue-black panel. Overall, the VST oriented in-line and baited with butanone and 1-octen-3-ol, caught 2.42 and 2.60 times more G. m. centralis and G. m. morsitans respectively, than the standard mobile trapping device, the black-screen fly round. The VST survey captured a total of 15,602 flies with G. m. morsitans (58%) and G. m. centralis (39%) being the most abundant. The predicted potential distribution for G. m. centralis was 80,863 km2 while that of G. m. morsitans was 70,490 km2 representing a 47 and 29% reduction compared to their historical distributions, respectively. Significant differences in wing centroid size and shape were observed between G. morsitans sexes, subspecies and sample locations within each subspecies range. The populations of G. morsitans were found to exhibit significant population-level variation in fly size and wing shape which suggests high levels of population structuring. The main drivers of this structuring could be random genetic drift in G. m. centralis demes and local adaptation to environmental conditions in G. m. morsitans populations. German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) In-Region PhD Scholarship Programme 57511424 Zoology and Entomology PhD (Entomology) Unrestricted Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences SDG-01: No poverty SDG-02: Zero hunger 2024-11-25T13:23:54Z 2024-11-25T13:23:54Z 2025-04 2024-11 Dissertation * A2025 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/99394 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.27899907 en © 2023 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Geometric morphometrcs Vehicle mounted stick trap Glossina morsitans Maxent Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title | Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title_full | Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title_fullStr | Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title_short | Distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Zambia |
| title_sort | distribution and phenotypic population structure of the tsetse flies glossina morsitans morsitans westwood and glossina morsitans centralis machado in zambia |
| topic | UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Geometric morphometrcs Vehicle mounted stick trap Glossina morsitans Maxent |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/99394 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.27899907 |