Full Text Available
Note: Clicking the button above will open the full text document at the original institutional repository in a new window.
Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2016.
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
| Published: |
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Tags: |
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1867614076331360256 |
|---|---|
| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Simiyu, Sheillah N. |
| author2 | Swilling, Mark |
| author_browse | Simiyu, Sheillah N. Swilling, Mark |
| author_facet | Swilling, Mark Simiyu, Sheillah N. |
| author_sort | Simiyu, Sheillah N. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2016. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/100375 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:46:16.958Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateRange | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/100375 Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya Simiyu, Sheillah N. Swilling, Mark Rheingans, Richard Cairncross, Sandy Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. School of Public Leadership. Squatter settlements -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Standards -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Social aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Economic aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) UCTD Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2016. ENGLISH SUMMARY : Countries are experiencing a surge in the number of people living in urban areas. A majority of the poor in these urban areas live in informal settlements, which face challenges such as inadequate sanitation. There thus is a need to understand why informal settlements lack sanitation facilities, as well as a need for approaches that can be used to increase access. Kisumu, the third largest city in Kenya, also hosts informal settlements that have inadequate sanitation facilities. Little is known about aspects within these settlements that influence sanitation. The goal of this study was to examine socio-economic dynamics in Kisumu’s informal settlements, and how they interact to influence access to and the management of sanitation. The main objectives were to describe living conditions in the settlements, to estimate the cost of sanitation from rental prices, to investigate determinants of shared sanitation quality, and to investigate decision-making for sanitation within the settlements. The study began with a quantitative phase, which was built on by a qualitative phase. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the quantitative stage, while multiple case study designs and participatory research with concepts from action/transdisciplinary research were adopted in the subsequent qualitative phase. Respondents were residents of the settlements as well as stakeholders involved in sanitation. The results show that residents lack basic services such as sanitation. Residents living in compounds with absentee landlords often had poor housing, lacked basic services, and paid lower rents compared to those in compounds with live-in landlords. Sanitation facilities constituted 54% of rental prices, but willingness to pay a higher amount of rent declined when the number of households sharing sanitation facilities increased. Most sanitation facilities were shared by an average of eight households, and from inspection, 64% of these facilities were dirty. They were more likely to be dirty as the number of households sharing them increased. Reasons for dirty shared sanitation facilities were investigated using the common pool resource management principles, which showed that facilities were likely to be clean when there was a defined user group that collectively made decisions and had a defined management structure that made it easier to resolve conflicts and work together to keep sanitation facilities clean. Regarding decision making, landlords often made investment decisions, while tenants made decisions related to cleaning, often after consultations. At the community and city level, residents identified sanitation challenges within their settlements and proposed solutions to the identified challenges. The results indicate that sanitation in informal settlements is highly complex and is entrenched in residents’ daily lives. Most quantitative models lead to an understanding of measurable physical factors, but socio-economic factors such as relationships, beliefs, practices and norms equally influence access to and management of sanitation facilities. Efforts at improvement ought not to concentrate on provision only, but also on strategies to keep the provided facilities in a proper condition that enables sustained use. Stakeholders, including policy makers, should embrace working together for the common good. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Lande ervaar ’n toename in die getal mense wat in stedelike gebiede woon. ’n Meerderheid van die armes in hierdie stedelike gebiede woon in informele nedersettings, wat uitdagings ervaar soos onvoldoende sanitasie. Daar is dus ’n behoefte om te verstaan hoekom informele nedersettings ’n gebrek aan sanitasiefasiliteite het, sowel as ’n behoefte aan benaderings wat gebruik kan word om toegang te verbeter. Kisumu, die derde grootste stad in Kenia, het ook informele nedersettings wat nie voldoende sanitasiefasiliteite het nie. Min is bekend oor die aspekte binne hierdie nedersettings wat sanitasie beïnvloed. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na die sosio-ekonomiese dinamika in Kisumu se informele nedersettings, en hoe hulle op mekaar inwerk om toegang tot en die bestuur van sanitasie te beïnvloed. Die vernaamste doelwitte was om die lewensomstandighede in die nedersettings te beskryf, om die koste van sanitasie op grond van huurpryse te skat, om die determinante van die kwaliteit van gedeelde sanitasie te ondersoek, en om ondersoek in te stel na besluitneming oor sanitasie binne die nedersettings. Die studie het begin met ’n kwantitatiewe fase, waarop ’n kwalitatiewe fase gebou is. ’n Deursnee opname is tydens die kwantitatiewe fase uitgevoer, terwyl veelvuldige gevallestudie-ontwerpe en deelnemende navorsing met konsepte vanuit aksie-/transdissiplinêre navorsing in die gevolglike kwalitatiewe fase opgeneem is. Die respondente was inwoners van die nedersettings sowel as belanghebbers betrokke by sanitasie. Die resultate toon dat die inwoners nie basiese dienste soos water en sanitasie gehad het nie. Inwoners wat in gebiede gewoon het met afwesige huiseienaars het in baie gevalle swak behuising en geen basiese dienste gehad nie, en het minder huur betaal as dié in gebiede waar die huiseienaars ook gewoon het. Sanitasiefasiliteite het 54% van die huurkoste uitgemaak, maar hul bereidwilligheid om meer huur te betaal het afgeneem soos die getal huise wat die sanitasiefasiliteite deel, toegeneem het. Die meeste sanitasiefasiliteite is deur ’n gemiddeld van agt huishoudings gedeel, en vanuit die inspeksie hiervan was 64% van hierdie fasiliteite vuil. Daar was ’n groter kans dat hulle vuil was hoe meer huishoudings die fasiliteite gedeel het. Die redes vir vuil gedeelde sanitasiefasiliteite is ondersoek deur gebruik te maak van die common pool resource management principles, wat aangedui het dat die fasiliteite moontlik skoon sou wees waar daar ’n gedefinieerde gebruikersgroep was wat gesamentlik besluite geneem het en wat ’n gedefinieerde bestuurstruktuur gehad het wat dit makliker gemaak het om konflik op te los en om saam te werk om die sanitasiefasiliteite skoon te hou. Met betrekking tot besluitneming, het huiseienaars gereeld beleggingsbesluite geneem, terwyl die huurders besluite oor skoonmaak geneem het, in baie gevalle ná konsultasie. Op die gemeenskaps- en stadsvlak het inwoners sanitasie-uitdagings in hulle nedersettings geïdentifiseer en oplossings vir die geïdentifiseerde uitdagings voorgestel. Die resultate toon dat sanitasie in informele nedersettings baie kompleks is en in die inwoners se daaglikse lewens verskans is. Die meeste kwantitatiewe modelle lei tot ’n begrip van meetbare fisiese faktore, maar sosio-ekonomiese faktore soos verhoudings, geloof, praktyke en norme het ’n gelyke invloed op toegang tot en bestuur van sanitasiefasiliteite. Pogings tot verbetering moet nie net op voorsiening fokus nie, maar ook op strategieë om die verskafde fasiliteite in ’n ordentlike toestand te hou wat volgehoue gebruik moontlik maak. Belanghebbers, insluitend beleidmakers, moet met genoeë saamwerk vir die algemene welsyn. Doctoral 2016-12-22T14:22:10Z 2018-12-31T03:00:16Z 2016-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100375 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xiv, 224 pages ; illustrations, includes annexures application/pdf application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Squatter settlements -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Standards -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Social aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Economic aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) UCTD Simiyu, Sheillah N. Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title | Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title_full | Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title_fullStr | Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title_short | Socio-economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu City, Kenya |
| title_sort | socio economic dynamics of sanitation in the informal settlements of kisumu city kenya |
| topic | Squatter settlements -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Standards -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Social aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) Sanitation, Rural -- Economic aspects -- Kisumu (Kenya) UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100375 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT simiyusheillahn socioeconomicdynamicsofsanitationintheinformalsettlementsofkisumucitykenya |