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The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus)
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2020
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| _version_ | 1867614126580170752 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Du Plessis, Anel |
| author2 | Hoffman, Louwrens C. |
| author_browse | Du Plessis, Anel Hoffman, Louwrens C. |
| author_facet | Hoffman, Louwrens C. Du Plessis, Anel |
| author_sort | Du Plessis, Anel |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/107791 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:47:05.324Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/107791 The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) Du Plessis, Anel Hoffman, Louwrens C. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Animal Science. Impala -- Carcasses -- Aging Impala -- Carcasses -- Sex differences Meat -- Quality Venison -- Quality Impala -- Carcasses Wildlife as food Aepyceros melampus UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to provide baseline data on the effect of animal age and sex on the yield, physical meat quality and chemical composition of impala (Aepyceros melampus) meat. The analysis took place on the following six muscles: infraspinatus (IS), supraspinatus (SS), longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM) and semitendinosus (ST). A total of 32 impala were used during this study. The male animals were divided into three age categories of 18-months old, 30-months old and 42-months old with eight animals per age group. The eight female animals were all 30-months of age. The 42-month-old rams had the heaviest dead weight (58.3 ± 5.99 kg) and carcass weight (34.1 ± 4.03 kg), but no differences in dressing percentage between the ages were noted. The male animals also had heavier dead weights and carcass weights in comparison to the same aged female animals. The total offal was heavier in the 42-month-old animals as well as the red offal proportion. The muscle weight increased with age, with the 42-month-old animals having the highest muscle yield. Age did not affect the physical meat quality of the muscles that were analysed; no differences were found between the water holding capacity, shear force as well as colour between the different age groups. Sex had an influence on some of the muscles analysed. This was mainly observed in the lightness (L* values) of the muscles with the ewes having lower L* values and thus darker meat in comparison to the rams. The difference in L* values is possibly due to the difference observed in muscle pH between the rams and ewes. The female animals had a higher pH for the majority of the muscles in comparison to the rams. Despite these slight differences, it would seem as if impala have inherently high meat quality attributes ideal for fresh meat production. The chemical composition of the muscles analysed were unaffected by age. The moisture content ranged between 75.0 ± 0.39 - 76.7 ± 0.90 g/100 g meat, the protein content between 20.8 ± 1.03 - 22.6 ± 0.41 g/100 g, the intramuscular fat content between 1.6 ± 0.31 – 2.4 ± 1.30 g/100 g, the ash content between 1.2 ± 0.07 - 1.6 ± 1.08 g/100 g as well as the myoglobin content ranged between 8.2 ± 1.17 - 11.6 ± 2.17 mg/g. Sex also had minimal effect on the proximate composition and myoglobin content of the muscles analysed. Slight differences between the muscles were observed for some of the proximate components. These differences were due to the different anatomical location and thus the function of each muscle. The data generated will aid producers and marketers in the accurate production, marketing, labelling and consumer education regarding impala meat production. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om data te verskaf oor die effek van ouderdom en geslag op die opbrengs, fisiese kwaliteit en chemiese samestelling van rooibok (Aepyceros melampus) vleis. Die volgende ses spiere was vir die analises gebruik: infraspinatus (IS), supraspinatus (SS), longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM) en semitendinosus (ST). ‘n Totaal van 32 diere was gebruik tydens die studie. Die manlike diere was verdeel in drie ouderdomsgroepe naamlik 18 maande, 30 maande en 42 maande. Elke ouderdomsgroep het agt diere bevat. Die agt oorblywende vroulike diere was almal 30 maande oud. Die 42 maande oue ramme het die swaarste dooie gewigte (58.3 ± 5.99 kg) en karkas gewigte (34.1 ± 4.03 kg) gehad. Daar was egter geen verskil in uitslag persentasie tussen die ouderdomme gevind nie. Die manlike diere het ook swaarder dooie- en karkas gewigte gehad as die selfde ouderdom vroulike diere. Die totale afval asook die rooi afval verhouding was die swaarste in die 42 maande oue ramme. Die gewig van die spiere het toegeneem met ouderdom. Die 42 maande oue ramme het die hoogste spier opbrengs gelewer. Die ouderdom van die diere het nie die fisiese vleis kwaliteit van die spiere beïnvloed nie. Daar was geen verskille gevind tussen die ouderdomsgroepe vir waterhouvermoë, skuifskeurkrag en kleur nie. Geslag het ‘n uitwerking gehad op van die spiere wat geanaliseer was. Die effek van geslag was hoofsaaklik waargeneem op die ligtheid (L* waarde) van die spiere. Die ooie het laer L* waardes gehad en dus donkerder vleis as die ramme. Die verskil wat waargeneem is tussen die L* waardes van die twee geslagte kan wees as gevolg van verskille wat waargeneem was in die pH waardes tussen ramme en ooie. Die vroulike diere het hoër pH waardes gehad vir die meerderheid van die spiere wat geanaliseer was. Ten spyte van hierdie klein verskille wil dit voorkom of rooibok vleis ‘n inherente hoë kwaliteit het wat geskik is vir vars vleisproduksie. Die ouderdom van die diere het nie die chemiese samestelling van die spiere beïnvloed nie. Die voginhoud het gewissel tussen 75.0 ± 0.39 - 76.7 ± 0.90 g/100 g vleis, die proteïeninhoud tussen 20.8 ± 1.03 - 22.6 ± 0.41 g/100 g, die intramuskulêre vetinhoud tussen 1.6 ± 0.31 – 2.4 ± 1.30 g/100 g, die as inhoud tussen 1.2 ± 0.07 - 1.6 ± 1.08 g/100 g en die mioglobien inhoud het gewissel tussen 8.2 ± 1.17 - 11.6 ± 2.17 mg/g. Die geslag van die diere het ook minimale effekte gehad op die proksimale komposisie as ook mioglobien inhoud van die spiere wat geanaliseer was. Daar was klein verskille vir die proksimale komposisie tussen die verskillende spiere waargeneem. Hierdie verskille kan wees as gevolg van verskille in anatomiese ligging en dus die funksie van die verskillende spiere. Die data deur hierdie navorsing gegenereer sal produsente en bemarkers van wildsvleis help met akkurate produksie, bemarking, etikettering as ook verbruiker opvoeding rakend rooibok vleis produksie. Masters 2020-02-13T10:13:27Z 2020-04-28T12:03:50Z 2020-02-13T10:13:27Z 2020-04-28T12:03:50Z 2020-03 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/107791 en Stellenbosch University [10], 70 leaves : illustrations (some color), map application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Impala -- Carcasses -- Aging Impala -- Carcasses -- Sex differences Meat -- Quality Venison -- Quality Impala -- Carcasses Wildlife as food Aepyceros melampus UCTD Du Plessis, Anel The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title | The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title_full | The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title_fullStr | The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title_short | The effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala (Aepyceros melampus) |
| title_sort | effect of age and sex on the meat quality of impala aepyceros melampus |
| topic | Impala -- Carcasses -- Aging Impala -- Carcasses -- Sex differences Meat -- Quality Venison -- Quality Impala -- Carcasses Wildlife as food Aepyceros melampus UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/107791 |
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