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Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation
Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2020.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2020
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| _version_ | 1867613810141954048 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Lotz, Theresia |
| author2 | Levin, Andrew Ian |
| author_browse | Levin, Andrew Ian Lotz, Theresia |
| author_facet | Levin, Andrew Ian Lotz, Theresia |
| author_sort | Lotz, Theresia |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/109405 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:42:03.173Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/109405 Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation Lotz, Theresia Levin, Andrew Ian Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care. Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Atmosphere; Inhalation anaesthetic; Activated charcoal; Scavenging Inhalation anesthesia -- Environmental aspects Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Dumpster diving Carbon, Activated UCTD Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Volatile anaesthetics (IAA’s) are increasingly recognised as greenhouse gases. After being scavenged, used IAA’s are basically dumped into the atmosphere where they act as greenhouse gases. This research was a first step in developing an activated charcoal IAA scavenging system to mitigate the global warming impact of IAA’s. We conducted a laboratory study investigating the absorptive capacity of activated charcoal at clinically relevant IAA partial pressures. Methods and Measurements: We developed a method using a calibrated scale of weighing IAA absorption by activated charcoal. One MAC desflurane, sevoflurane, or isoflurane were individually flowed at 3 litres/min over a canister containing ±40 grams activated charcoal. The primary measurement and endpoints were canister mass and mass of inhalation anaesthetic absorbed per gram of activated charcoal, respectively. The mass plateau, defined as < 5% between measurement mass change, signalled experimental closure. Results: Interestingly, absorptive capacity was independent of the inhalation anaesthetic (p = 0.42). One gram of activated charcoal could maximally absorb an average of 0.24 grams IAA. Conclusions: This proof of concept study indicated that activated charcoal can indeed absorb a significant mass of IAA and development of such a system should continue. Future development of the activated charcoal scavenging system will primarily need to address questions of whether captured IAA will washout when IAA partial pressures are low and also the holistic environmental-financial costs of the system. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Die beduidende rol van inhalasie-narkosemiddels in aard verwarming word toenemend erken. Gebruikte inhalasie-narkosemiddels wat deur die narkose uitlaat sisteem beweeg, word in die atmosfeer vrygelaat waar hulle as kweekhuisgasse optree. Hierdie navorsing was 'n eerste stap in die ontwikkeling van 'n geaktiveerde koolstof sisteem vir die opvang van inhalasie-narkosemiddels om die impak van aardverwarming te verminder. Die vermoë van geaktiveerde koolstof om klinies relevante inhalasie-narkosemiddel-konsentrasies op te neem is deur 'n laboratorium studie getoets. Metodes en metings: Ons het 'n metode ontwikkel met die behulp van 'n gekalibreerde skaal om inhalasie-narkosemiddel absorpsie deur geaktiveerde koolstof te weeg. Een MAK desfluraan, sevofluraan en isofluraan is afsonderlik teen ‘n vloei van 3 liter/min oor 'n houer met ongeveer 40 gram geaktiveerde koolstof beweeg. Die primêre meting en eindpunte was massa van die houer en massa van die inasemingsmiddel wat per gram geaktiveerde koolstof onderskeidelik opgeneem is. Die plato massa, gedefinieer as <5% toename tussen 2 opeenvolgende massa metings, het die eksperimentele afsluiting aangedui. Resultate: Die absorpsievermoë was onafhanklik van die tipe inhalasienarkosemiddel (p = 0,42). Een gram geaktiveerde koolstof kan gemiddeld 0,24 gram inhalasie-narkosemiddel opneem. Gevolgtrekkings: Hierdie studie het aangedui dat geaktiveerde koolstof wel 'n beduidende massa inhalasie-narkosemiddel kan opneem en die ontwikkeling van so 'n stelsel meriete het. Daar is egter 2 belangrike toekomstige aspekte wat aangespreek moet word. ‘n Evaluasie van die totale finansiële koste van die stelsel en die uitwas kurwe wat die opgeneemde inhalasie-narkosemiddel sal volg wanneer die parsiële druk van die inhalasie-narkosemiddel laag is. Masters 2020-06-30T11:05:30Z 2021-02-01T07:53:57Z 2020-06-30T11:05:30Z 2021-02-01T07:53:57Z 2020-06 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109405 en Stellenbosch University 84 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Atmosphere; Inhalation anaesthetic; Activated charcoal; Scavenging Inhalation anesthesia -- Environmental aspects Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Dumpster diving Carbon, Activated UCTD Lotz, Theresia Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title | Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title_full | Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title_fullStr | Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title_short | Volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal: a pilot investigation |
| title_sort | volatile anaesthetic scavenging using activated charcoal a pilot investigation |
| topic | Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Atmosphere; Inhalation anaesthetic; Activated charcoal; Scavenging Inhalation anesthesia -- Environmental aspects Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Dumpster diving Carbon, Activated UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109405 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lotztheresia volatileanaestheticscavengingusingactivatedcharcoalapilotinvestigation |