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Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa
Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613899998625792 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | De Wet, Lara Kelly, Lara |
| author2 | Gorgens, Gina |
| author_browse | De Wet, Lara Gorgens, Gina Kelly, Lara |
| author_facet | Gorgens, Gina De Wet, Lara Kelly, Lara |
| author_sort | De Wet, Lara |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123666 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:29.289Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123666 Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa De Wet, Lara Kelly, Lara Gorgens, Gina Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Industrial Psychology. Psychological well-being -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Quality of work life -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Measurement invariance Symmetry (Mathematics) Index of Psychological Well-being at Work UCTD Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. ENGLISH SUMMARY : The body of evidence pointing towards the importance of psychological well-being, both at work and within society, is steadily growing. In South Africa, legislation requires measures to be reliable, valid, fair and unbiased before cross-group comparisons can be made (Republic of South Africa, 1998). Whilst classical test theory provides a theoretical measurement framework for assessing the psychometric properties of a measure, such as reliability and validity, measurement invariance aims to identify possible biases which may exist across groups. Thus, through confirming measurement invariance of a measure, researchers aim to meet the bias requirements as laid out by the Employment Equity Act. This study aimed to investigate the measurement invariance and equivalence of the Index of Psychological Well-being at Work (IPWBW) across two ethnic groups. The IPWBW was developed based on a comprehensive inductive approach using both qualitative and quantitative approaches (Dagenais-Desmarais & Savoie, 2012). The developers of the IPWBW reported good psychometric properties for the instrument on a Canadian sample (Dagenais-Desmarais & Savoie, 2012). Whilst several studies were identified investigating the validity of other measures of psychological well-being within the South African context, no such study was found for the IPWBW, neither was any measurement invariance investigation evident for this measure across ethnic groups in South Africa. Thus, using Dunbar, Spangenberg and Theron’s (2011) measurement and equivalence taxonomy, this study aimed to investigate the measurement invariance (MI) and equivalence (ME) of the IPWBW across two ethnic groups in South Africa. Archival data (Black: n = 188; White: n =178) was used for this study. Prior to the conducting the MI/ME analyses, the reliability and dimensionality of all the subscales of the IPWBW for the Black and White ethnic groups were investigated. The item analysis results for both groups suggested acceptable to good reliability. However, the results for the Black sample were overall less desirable in comparison to the White group. Furthermore, all five subscales for both ethnic groups (Black and White) showed sufficient evidence of unidimensionality. In terms of the MI results, the single group measurement model goodness of fit statistics (GOF) for both groups indicated reasonable model fit. However, configural invariance was not obtained across the two ethnic groups. Thus, this pointed to the possible presence of construct bias when applying the measure across groups. This implied that members from the different ethnic groups conceptualise the well-being construct, as measured by the IPWBW, in different ways. To further investigate this finding, a Tucker’s Phi (TP) analysis was conducted. These results revealed further evidence of construct bias. That is, whilst a factor pattern which closely mirrored the original design intent of the developers of the IPWBW could be obtained for the White group, no such pattern was obtained for the Black sample group. Various limitations of the study were discussed. The first limitation includes the fact that different administration methods were used to collect both datasets and hence, the possibility of administrative bias exist. The second limitation of the study was that whilst the White group consisted of respondents from a wide range of occupations, the Black group was only made up of respondents within one occupational group (Geriatric care nurses). A final limitation of the study was that archival data, collected via convenience sampling, was used. Thus, the samples may not have been representative of the South African general population. It was proposed that future studies test competing models to establish empirically whether a bi-factor model may possibly be a more accurate representation of the underlying structure of the IPWBW. It was also reasoned that language or cultural effects could have been at play for both the Black and White sample groups in this study which may have negatively influenced the construct validity of the IPWBW measure. A final implication of the findings was that future studies should perhaps first consider translating the English version of the IPWBW to the sample population/s language of interest prior to endeavouring to investigate the reliability, validity and invariance analysis, as this may reveal more favourable results. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Die hoeveelheid bewyse wat dui op die belangrikheid van sielkundige welstand in die werksomgewing, asook in die samelewing, neem geleidelik toe. Wetgewing in Suid Afrika vereis dat psigometriese toetse betroubaar, geldig, regverdig en onsydig moet wees voordat kruisgroup vergelykings gemaak kan word. Terwyl klassieke toets teorieë bied 'n teoretiese meetraamwerk vir die beoordeling van die psigometriese eienskappe van 'n toets te bevestig, soos betroubaarheid en geldigheid, is metingsinvariansie se doelwit om moontlike sydigheid wat tussen groepe mag bestaan, te identifiseer. Dit wil sê, deur metingsinvariansie van 'n toets te bevestig, poog navorsers om te voldoen aan die sydigheid vereistes soos uiteengesit deur die Wet op Billike Indiensneming. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die metingsinvariansie en ekwivalensie van die Indeks van Sielkundige Welstand in die Werks Omgewing (ISWWO) oor twee etniese groepe te ondersoek. Die ISWWO is ontwikkel deur 'n omvattende induktiewe benadering met behulp van beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe benaderings (Dagenais-Desmarais & Savoie, 2012). Die ontwikkelaars van die ISWWO het goeie psigometriese eienskappe vir die instrument op ‘n Kanadese steekproef gerapporteer (Dagenais-Desmarais & Savoie, 2012). Alhoewel verskeie studies geïdentifiseer is wat die geldigheid van ander instrumente van sielkundige welstand binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks ondersoek het, is daar nie so 'n studie vir die ISWWO gevind nie, en daar was ook geen ondersoek na metingsinvariansie vir hierdie instrument oor etniese groepe in Suid-Afrika duidelik nie. Dus, met behulp van Dunbar, Spangenberg en Theron (2011) se metingsinvariansie en ekwivalensie taksonomie, het hierdie studie ten doel gehad om die metingsinvariansie (MI) en ekwivalensie (ME) van die ISWWO oor twee etniese groepe in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek. Argiefdata (Swart: n = 188; Wit: n = 178) was vir hierdie studie gebruik. Voordat die MI / ME-ontledings uitgevoer is was die betroubaarheid en dimensionaliteit van al die subskale van die ISWWO vir die Swart en Wit etniese groepe ondersoek. Die item ontleding resultate vir beide die Swart en Wit etniese groepe het aanvaarbaar tot goeie betroubaarheid bevestig. Dit was egter duidelik dat die resultate van die Swart groep oor die algemeen minder wenslik in vergelyking met die van die Wit groep was. Al vyf subskale vir beide etniese groepe (Swart en Wit) het egter voldoende bewyse van unidimensionaliteit gelewer. In terme van die MI-resultate het die enkel groep metingsmodelle sepasgehalte vir beide groepe 'n redelike modelpassing aangedui. Nietemin is konfigurale invariansie egter nie oor die twee etniese groepe verkry nie. Dit het dus gewys op die moontlike teenwoordigheid van konstruk sydigheid wanneer die instrument oor groepe toegepas word. Dit impliseer dat die respondente van die verskillende etniese groepe die sielkundige welstand konstruk, soos gemeet deur die ISWWO, op verskillende maniere gekonseptualiseer het. Om hierdie bevinding verder te ondersoek, is 'n Tucker's Phi (TP) analise gedoen. Hierdie resultate het verdere bewyse van konstruksydigheid getoon. Alhoewel 'n faktorpatroon wat die oorspronklike ontwerpvoorneme van die ontwikkelaars van die ISWWO noukeurig weerspieël, vir die Wit groep verkry kon word, is so 'n patroon nie vir die Swart groep verkry nie. Verskeie beperkings van die studie is bespreek. Die eerste beperking het te doen met die feit dat verskillende administrasiemetodes gebruik is om beide datastelle in te samel en dus bestaan die moontlikheid van administratiewe sydigheid. Die tweede beperking van die studie was dat hoewel die Wit groep uit respondente vanuit ʼn wye stel beroepe bestaan het, het die Swart groep slegs bestaan het uit respondente binne een beroepsgroep (verpleegkundiges vir Geriatriese sorg). 'n Laaste beperking van die studie was dat argivale data, wat via gemaksteekproefneming versamel is, gebruik was. Dis steekproewe was dus moontlik nie verteenwoordigend van die Suid-Afrikaanse algemene bevolking nie. Die studie stel voor dat toekomstige studies mededingende modelle toets om empiries vas te stel of 'n ”bi-factor” model moontlik 'n meer akkurate voorstelling van die onderliggende struktuur van die ISWWO kan wees. Dit was ook aangevoer dat taal of kulturele effekte vir beide die Swart en Wit groepe in hierdie studie die resultate kon beïnvloed, wat die konstruk geldigheid van die ISWWO negatief kon beïnvloed het. 'n Laaste implikasie van die bevindings was dat toekomstige studies dit moet oorweeg om die Engelse weergawe van die ISWWO te vertaal, voordat daar gepoog word om die betroubaarheid, geldigheid en metingsinvariansie in ʼn ander groep te ondersoek, aangesien dit gunstiger resultate kan openbaar. Masters 2021-09-20T06:42:03Z 2021-12-22T14:14:51Z 2021-09-20T06:42:03Z 2021-12-22T14:14:51Z 2021-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123666 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xv, 177 pages ; illustrations, includes annexures application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Psychological well-being -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Quality of work life -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Measurement invariance Symmetry (Mathematics) Index of Psychological Well-being at Work UCTD De Wet, Lara Kelly, Lara Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title | Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title_full | Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title_short | Evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well-being at work across different ethnic groups in South Africa |
| title_sort | evaluation of the measurement invariance of the index of psychological well being at work across different ethnic groups in south africa |
| topic | Psychological well-being -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Quality of work life -- Ethnic aspects -- South Africa Measurement invariance Symmetry (Mathematics) Index of Psychological Well-being at Work UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123666 |
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