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Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613784199135232 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Mupfiga, Sandra |
| author2 | Mapiye, Cletos |
| author_browse | Mapiye, Cletos Mupfiga, Sandra |
| author_facet | Mapiye, Cletos Mupfiga, Sandra |
| author_sort | Mupfiga, Sandra |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123887 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:41:38.867Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123887 Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds Mupfiga, Sandra Mapiye, Cletos Dzama, Kennedy Chikwanha, O. C. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Animal Sciences. Sheep -- Breeding -- South Africa Feedlots Sheep -- Water requirements Nutrient intake Sheep -- Feed utilization efficiency Sheep -- Growth UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main objective of the current study was to compare nutrient intake, water intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen and water balance, growth performance and carcass attributes of six South African sheep breeds kept under feedlot conditions. Fifty-seven, 4 to 5 months old wether lambs of pure indigenous (Pedi and Damara), indigenous composite (Meatmaster and Dorper) and exotic composite (Merino and Dohne Merino) wethers were used for the digestibility and growth trials. They were fed a pelleted total mixed ration containing 143.5 g crude protein (CP)/ kg DM and 10.29 MJ/ kg DM metabolisable energy. The wethers were adapted to the diet for 21 days, followed by 7 days of sample collection for digestibility trial and 42 days for growth trial. Breed had an influence on nutrient intake with Meatmaster having the highest dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, ash-free neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom) and ether extract (EE) intake followed by Damara, with Pedi having the least values (P ≤ 0.05). Damara and Meatmaster had higher (P ≤ 0.05) DM digestibility than the rest of the breeds. The aNDFom digestibility was in the following order: Dorper ≥ Merino ≥ Meatmaster ≥ Damara ≥ Dohne Merino ≥ Pedi. Damara had higher (P ≤ 0.05) ether extract digestibility than the rest of the breeds. Meatmaster had the highest total N intake (feed + microbial N) and faecal N compared to other breeds (P ≤ 0.05). Relative to other breeds, Meatmaster and Damara had higher (P ≤ 0.05) N retention. Meatmaster, Dohne Merino, Damara and Dorper had higher (P ≤ 0.05) positive water balance than Merino and Pedi. Average daily gain was highest for the Meatmaster and Damara, moderate for Dorper and Pedi and lowest for the Merino and Dohne Merino (P ≤ 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was lowest for the Pedi with Dohne Merino having the highest ratio (P ≤ 0.05). The Pedi drank the least amount of water while Meatmaster drank the highest (P ≤ 0.05). Dohne Merino had the highest water to gain ratio while Pedi had the least (P ≤ 0.05). Hot and cold carcass weights and dressing percentage were lower (P ≤ 0.05) for the Damara and Pedi lambs compared to other breeds. Dohne Merino had the highest income over feed costs and Pedi had the least (P ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that although Meatmaster had somewhat lower economic returns than Dohne Merino, the most common feedlot breed in South Africa, it had comparable water balance and carcass attributes and better nutrient intake, DM digestibility, N balance, growth rates and water utilisation efficiency making it a more suitable feedlot breed in water-scarce areas. Damara and Pedi had inferior carcass attributes and economic returns, but were the most water and feed efficient breeds, which could make them breeds of choice under extreme water scarcity conditions, particularly for small-scale feedlotters. The reported breed differences present an opportunity for producers to adopt breeds that suit their production systems and markets. Moreover, current findings provide opportunities for selective breeding and further development of feedlot sheep breeds to cope with water scarcity. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoel van die huidige studie was om voedingstofinname, waterinname, voedingstofverteerbaarheid, stikstof- en waterbalans, groeiprestasie en karkaseienskappe van ses Suid-Afrikaanse skaaprasse wat onder voerkraaltoestande aangehou was, te vergelyk. Sewe-en-vyftig, 4-5 maand oue hamels van inheemse (Pedi en Damara), inheems saamgestelde (Meatmaster en Dorper) en eksoties saamgestelde (Merino en Dohne Merino) rasse is gebruik in die studie. Al die lammers is gevoer met 'n verpilde totale gemengde rantsoen (143.5 g ruproteïen (CP)/kg, droë materiaal (DM) en 10.29 MJ/kg DM metaboliseerbare energie. Die hamels is aangepas op die dieet vir 21 dae, gevolg deur sewe dae van monsterversameling vir die verteerbaarheidsproef, en 42 dae vir die groeiproef. Ras het 'n invloed op voedingstofinname gehad, met die Meatmaster ras wat die hoogste inname gehad het, en die Pedi ras die laagste inname. Die Damara en Meatmaster rasse was meer doeltreffend in terme van vertering van die voer, in vergelyking met die ander rasse. Die asvrye neutral veselverteerbaarheid wat aangemeld is, was die hoogste in die Dorperras, en die laagste in die Pedi-ras. Die Damara hamels het hoër (P ≤ 0.05) eterekstrak verteerbaarheid in vergelyking met die res van die rasse getoon; die Meatmaster hamels het die hoogste totale N-inname (over + mikrobiese N) en fekale N in vergelyking met ander rasse (P ≤ 0.05) getoon en die Meatmaster en Damara hamels het hoër (P ≤ 0.05) N-retensie gehad in vergelyking met die ander rasse. Die Meatmaster-, Dohne Merino-, Damara- en Dorperrasse is gekenmerk deur 'n hoër positiewe waterbalans, in vergelyking met die Merino- en Pedi-rasse. Gemiddelde daaglikse toename was die hoogste in die Meatmaster en Damara rasse, matig in die Dorper en Pedi rasse, en die laagste in die Merino en Dohne Merino rasse. Die Pedi-ras het die laagste voeromsettingsverhouding gehad en die Dohne Merino-ras met die hoogste (P ≤ 0.05). Die waterinname wat aangeteken is, was die hoogste in die Meatmaster ras en die laagste in die Pedi ras. Die Dohne Merino hamels het die hoogste water-tot-toename-verhouding gehad terwyl die Pedi hamels die minste gehad het (P ≤ 0.05). Warm en koue karkasgewigte, en uitslagpersentasies, was laer vir die Damara- en Pedi hamels, in vergelyking met die ander rasse. Die inkomste bo voerkoste wat waargeneem is, wasdie hoogste vir die Dohne Merino ras en die laagste vir die Pedi ras. Daar’s tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat alhoewel Meatmaster effens laer ekonomiese opbrengste gehad het as die Dohne Merino, die mees algemene voerkraalras in Suid-Afrika, dit vergelykbare waterbalans en karkas eienskappe en beter voedingstofinname, DM verteerbaarheid, N balans, groeitempo en waterbenutting doeltreffendheid gehad het. Dit blyk dus 'n meer geskikte voerkraalras in waterskaars gebiede. Die Damara en Pedi rasse het minderwaardige karkaseienskappe en ekonomiese opbrengste gehad, maar was die mees water- en voerdoeltreffende rasse, wat hulle voorkeurrasse kon maak onder uiterste waterskaarste toestande. Boonop bied huidige bevindings geleenthede vir selektiewe teling en verdere verbetering van voerkraal skaaprasse om waterskaarste die hoof te bied. Masters 2021-12-02T12:25:05Z 2021-12-22T14:27:11Z 2021-12-02T12:25:05Z 2021-12-22T14:27:11Z 2021-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123887 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xvi, 98 pages : maps application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Sheep -- Breeding -- South Africa Feedlots Sheep -- Water requirements Nutrient intake Sheep -- Feed utilization efficiency Sheep -- Growth UCTD Mupfiga, Sandra Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title | Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title_full | Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title_fullStr | Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title_short | Water intake, nutrient utilisation, and production efficiency of selected South African sheep breeds |
| title_sort | water intake nutrient utilisation and production efficiency of selected south african sheep breeds |
| topic | Sheep -- Breeding -- South Africa Feedlots Sheep -- Water requirements Nutrient intake Sheep -- Feed utilization efficiency Sheep -- Growth UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123887 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mupfigasandra waterintakenutrientutilisationandproductionefficiencyofselectedsouthafricansheepbreeds |