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Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
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| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2022
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| _version_ | 1867614031241543680 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda |
| author2 | Muller, Kobus |
| author_browse | Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda Muller, Kobus |
| author_facet | Muller, Kobus Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda |
| author_sort | Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/124712 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:45:33.890Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/124712 Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda Muller, Kobus Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. School of Public Leadership. Governance, livelihood, conservation, community-based natural resource management, protected area conservation, coordination Natural resources -- Co-management -- Zambia Natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Zambia Environmental impact analysis -- Zambia Natural resources management areas -- Zambia Community-based conservation -- Zambia Protected areas -- Management -- Zambia UCTD Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. ENGLISH SUMMARY: Governance is as much about steering actors and institutions as it is about their coordination. By focusing on Protected Area (PA) governance structures in Mufunta Game Management Area (GMA) the study explores the coordination of institutions and actors in Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM). Institutions represent the ‘rules of the game’, while actors are the various stakeholders in CBNRM. Institutions and actors can influence constraints and opportunities for sustainable outcomes of livelihoods and PA conservation. Therefore, the study aims to establish the link between Natural Resources Governance (NRG), livelihoods and PA conservation for sustainable outcomes. CBNRM is a collaborative governance approach which requires high levels of coordination among stakeholders to harmonise divergent interests. The study uses a pragmatic approach to research, applying both qualitative and quantitative methods. The first objective is the assessment of governance structures. The study uses a three-step method for the assessment of the governance structure using a transdisciplinary approach. The results demonstrate the critical role of the local community in the conceptualisation of a governance approach through knowledge co-production, poor conceptualization of CBNRM among stakeholders, low levels of awareness about CBNRM, missing links in the governance structure, lack of coordination among stakeholders and institutional fragmentation. Therefore, the role of bridging institutions, such as Community Resource Boards (CRBs) for improved coordination is emphasised. The study developed an equilibrium model combining a “Bottom-Up” and a “Top-Down” approach to provide the missing links, address the fragmentation and improve CBNRM implementation. The second objective evaluates the link between NRG and livelihoods. Governance structures determine the opportunities and constraints available for livelihood sustainability. The key results indicate that participation in CBNRM activities is very low, rules such as the need for licences create a barrier for income generation, rights over resources are weak and that costs outweigh benefits for households living in the PA. Furthermore, there is a high dependency by the local communities on natural resources, which increases pressure on wild resources, while rules and regulations regarding access to natural resources make households more vulnerable and act as a disincentive for conservation. The application of good governance principles such as legitimacy, accountability and fairness are key to removing such barriers and improve governance. The third objective evaluates the impact of NRG and livelihoods on PA conservation. The outcomes of PA conservation are measured by monitoring the status of the habitat from the time the GMA was created in 2006 until 2018 using remote sensing. Results indicate there is an increase in vegetation cover attributed to the creation of the PA, which serves as a deterrent to unsustainable harvesting. However, household perceptions indicate that there is a decrease in vegetation cover as a result of land clearing. Furthermore, projections from the household survey data indicate that if all other factors are held constant 4.5% of the habitat will be lost over the next 10 years, if measures to reduce forest loss are not put in place. The study concludes that understanding the nature of governance structures in place through knowledge co-production is critical for ensuring sustainable outcomes for livelihoods as well as PA conservation. Co-ordination among stakeholders is necessary for the successful implementation of CBNRM. Finally, knowledge about how governance, livelihoods and conservation interact and influence each other is necessary for crafting a sound governance approach. Shifting attention from discrete components to the relationships between components has the potential to create a better understanding of the socio-ecological system. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bestuur handel ewe soveel oor navigasie as oor koördinasie. Deur te fokus op die bestuurstrukture van die Beskermde Gebied (PA) in die Mufunta-wildbestuursarea (GMA), ondersoek dié studie die koördinering van instansies en rolspelers in gemeenskapsgebaseerde natuurlike hulpbronbestuur (CBNRM). Instellings is die reëls van die 'spel' en rolspelers is die verskillende belanghebbendes in CBNRM. Instellings en rolspelers kan beperkings en geleenthede vir volhoubare uitkomste vir lewensonderhoud en PA-bewaring beïnvloed. Derhalwe is die studie daarop gemik om die band tussen Natuurlike Hulpbronbestuur (NRG), lewensbestaan en PA-bewaring vir volhoubare uitkomste te vestig. CBNRM is 'n samewerkingsbenadering wat hoë vlakke van koördinasie vereis om uiteenlopende belange in ooreenstemming te bring. Die studie maak gebruik van 'n pragmatiese benadering tot navorsing en pas kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes toe. Deur gebruikmaking van ’n transdissiplinêre benadering pas die studie – vir doelwit een – 'n metode toe wat bestaan uit drie stappe vir die beoordeling van die bestuurstruktuur. Die resultate beoordeel die kritieke rol van die plaaslike gemeenskap in die konseptualisering van 'n bestuursbenadering deur mede-produksie van kennis, swak konseptualisering van CBNRM onder belanghebbendes, lae vlakke van bewustheid oor CBNRM, ontbrekende skakels in die bestuurstruktuur, gebrek aan koördinasie tussen belanghebbendes en institusionele versplintering. Om dié rede word die rol om instellings soos Gemeenskapshulpbronrade (CRB) met die oog op die verbetering van koördinasie te betrek, benadruk. Die studie het 'n ewewigsmodel ontwikkel wat 'n benadering van “onder na bo en bo na onder” kombineer om die ontbrekende skakels te oorkom, asook fragmentering en die implementering van CBNRM, te verbeter. Tweedens evalueer doelwit twee die band tussen NRG en lewensbestaan. Bestuurstrukture bepaal geleenthede en beperkings wat vir volhoubaarheid van lewensonderhoud beskikbaar is. Die sleutelresultate dui daarop dat deelname aan CBNRM-bedrywighede erg laag is, reëls soos lisensies skep 'n hindernis vir die skep van inkomste, regte oor hulpbronne is laag en kostes weeg swaarder as die voordele vir huishoudings wat in die PA woon. Voorts is die plaaslike gemeenskappe grootliks afhanklik van natuurlike hulpbronne, wat die druk op wild-hulpbronne laat toeneem, wyl reëls en regulasies rakende toegang tot natuurlike hulpbronne huishoudings meer kwesbaar laat en as afskrikmiddel vir bewaring dien. Die toepassing van beginsels vir goeie bestuur is die sleutel tot sukses om sulke hindernisse uit die weg te ruim en bestuur te verbeter. Derdens evalueer doelwit drie die impak van NRG en lewensbestaan op PA-bewaring. Die uitkomste van PA-bewaring word gemeet deur die status van die habitat sedert die stigting van die GMA in 2006 to 2018 met behulp van afstandwaarneming te monitor. Die resultate dui op 'n toename in plantegroei wat moontlik toegeskryf kan word aan die skepping van die PA, wat as afskrikmiddel vir onvolhoubare oeste dien. Huishoudelike persepsies dui egter op 'n afname in plantegroei weens die opruiming/skoonmaak van grond. Voorts toon projeksies uit die data van huishoudelike opnames daarop dat alle faktore konstant daarop dui dat 4.5% van die habitat in die volgende tien jaar verlore sal gaan indien maatreëls om bosverlies te verminder, nie ingestel word nie. Die studie se gevolgtrekking is dat begrip van die aard van bestuurstrukture, wat weens die mede-produksie van kennis ingestel is, van kardinale belang is om volhoubare uitkomste vir lewensonderhoud en PA-bewaring te verseker. Koördinering tussen belanghebbendes is nodig vir die suksesvolle implementering van CBNRM. Ten slotte is kennis oor wisselwerking tussen bestuur, lewensonderhoud en bewaring, asook gepaardgaande beïnvloeding, nodig om 'n gesonde bestuursbenadering te bewerkstellig. Die verskuiwing van die aandag van komponente na hulle onderlinge verwantskap, is vir 'n sosio-ekologiese stelsel nodig. Doctoral 2022-03-01T10:30:15Z 2022-04-29T09:27:59Z 2022-03-01T10:30:15Z 2022-04-29T09:27:59Z 2022-04 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124712 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xxiv, 249 pages : illustrations, includes annexures application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Governance, livelihood, conservation, community-based natural resource management, protected area conservation, coordination Natural resources -- Co-management -- Zambia Natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Zambia Environmental impact analysis -- Zambia Natural resources management areas -- Zambia Community-based conservation -- Zambia Protected areas -- Management -- Zambia UCTD Hachoofwe, Emelda Miyanda Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title | Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title_full | Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title_fullStr | Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title_short | Linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation : a case study of Mufunta game management area, Zambia |
| title_sort | linking natural resource governance to rural livelihoods and wildlife conservation a case study of mufunta game management area zambia |
| topic | Governance, livelihood, conservation, community-based natural resource management, protected area conservation, coordination Natural resources -- Co-management -- Zambia Natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Zambia Environmental impact analysis -- Zambia Natural resources management areas -- Zambia Community-based conservation -- Zambia Protected areas -- Management -- Zambia UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124712 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hachoofweemeldamiyanda linkingnaturalresourcegovernancetorurallivelihoodsandwildlifeconservationacasestudyofmufuntagamemanagementareazambia |