Full Text Available
Note: Clicking the button above will open the full text document at the original institutional repository in a new window.
A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA en_ZA |
| Published: |
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Tags: |
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1867613908033863680 |
|---|---|
| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde |
| author2 | Jacobs, Heinz E. |
| author_browse | Jacobs, Heinz E. Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde |
| author_facet | Jacobs, Heinz E. Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde |
| author_sort | Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/127098 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:36.943Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/127098 A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde Jacobs, Heinz E. Du Plessis, Jakobus Andries Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering. Residential water consumption Water-supply engineering Stochastic models Stochastic models Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Access to domestic water supply is a notable challenge to many households in sub-Saharan Africa, with many resorting to use of multiple water sources. Consumer demand in such cases is difficult to estimate. This difficulty arises from lack of continuous data, unmetered supplies and the relatively complex water supply system. Complex consumption condition is a term used to describe water supply situation found in many parts of the developing world. It is characterised by unreliable or non-existing public water supply, and households may procure water from multiple water sources that might be unhealthy. Different types of models have been used in previous studies, though, no specific model has been recommended for users in developing countries with complex household supply systems. The aim of this study was to develop a sectoral stochastic model for estimating residential water demand in heterogeneous suburbs experiencing complex water supply. Heterogeneous suburb is a term used to describe localities with diversities in terms of topology, culture and race. However, the term is used to represent households that uses dissimilar sources of water. A sectoral stochastic model is used to predict water demand when parameters and variable contain uncertainties, and water sources /categories are used as sectors in the model development process. To achieve this, the following specific objectives are set: review existing literatures published between 2000 and 2022, determine significant variables that influences water demand, develop a framework for characterising and describing the complex nature of water supply system and finally to develop a sectoral stochastic model that can estimate and predict residential water demand. This study made use of data obtained from a household survey performed from May to July 2019. A total of 1,330 questionnaires were obtained, collated and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 27/28. Results from the consumer survey were subsequently analysed stochastically using @RISK 8.1 Decision Support Tool. Apart from the survey, inspection, observation and scheduled interviews were also employed in this study. The determinants predicted daily water consumption with an anova F (9,1014) = 81.063, p < 0.05, R2 = 0.450, where p is significance, R2 is coefficient of determinant. The multiple linear regression model identified access to water within the premises, household size, trip time, monthly income, payment for water, educational qualification, house type and trip time as significant determinants of household water consumption. Water consumption varies between 36-100 litres per capita (l/c/d) and 301-361 litres per household (lph) for those without access to on-site water sources; 140-397 l/c/d and 1153-1421 lph for households with access to onsite water sources. The average household size in the study area was five people. Water source categories found in the study area include pipe connections (5%), private wells and boreholes (69%) and other sources (26%). Additional water sources were used for drinking by 94.5% of households in the survey sample. Available water sources include private wells and boreholes, community and commercial wells and borehole, piped connection, standpipes, neighbourhood supply, water vendor, tankers, bottled, sachet and processed water, rainwater, river/stream/lakes. Water system components include motorised pumps, electricity, valves, storage tank, steel stands, , concrete stands, water pipes, portable water filters, water trucks, tankers and push carts. 73% of households have water storage tank, average size is 2.3m3 , while 72.7% households used motorised pumps. The challenge of access to water will require more investment to bring water sources closer to the people, to meet the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of equitable access to safe and adequate amount of water. There is a need for a shift in policy on sustainable water access towards community-based and self-help projects, because the private sources are more accessible to the people than public water facilities. This study developed a stochastic model that simulated daily residential water demand using Monte Carlo simulation. An observed daily water demand calculated from the existing database, while a predicted model was developed using significant explanatory variables developed using multiple linear regression (MLR) in SPSS 27/28. Using per driver unit (number of households) and significant explanatory variables, a five sector-based water demand was developed with a mean value of 122,010,584 litres per day (lpd), 5th and 95th percentiles are 121,835,786 and 122,185,809 lpd respectively for the whole sample size of 108,000 households. The sensitivity analysis revealed that presence of storage, household size and trip time are ranked to have the highest impact on total daily water demand. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar. Doctoral 2023-02-13T13:51:41Z 2023-05-18T07:04:11Z 2023-02-13T13:51:41Z 2023-05-18T07:04:11Z 2023-02 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/127098 en_ZA en_ZA Stellenbosch University xviii, 118 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Residential water consumption Water-supply engineering Stochastic models Stochastic models Oyerinde, Abiola Oyetunde A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title | A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title_full | A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title_fullStr | A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title_short | A sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| title_sort | sectoral model for estimating residential water use in heterogeneous suburbs with complex household supply systems |
| topic | Residential water consumption Water-supply engineering Stochastic models Stochastic models |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/127098 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oyerindeabiolaoyetunde asectoralmodelforestimatingresidentialwateruseinheterogeneoussuburbswithcomplexhouseholdsupplysystems AT oyerindeabiolaoyetunde sectoralmodelforestimatingresidentialwateruseinheterogeneoussuburbswithcomplexhouseholdsupplysystems |