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A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2023
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| _version_ | 1867613989269143552 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Harty, Amba |
| author2 | Perold, Willem |
| author_browse | Harty, Amba Perold, Willem |
| author_facet | Perold, Willem Harty, Amba |
| author_sort | Harty, Amba |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/127286 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:44:53.996Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/127286 A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection Harty, Amba Perold, Willem Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Blood -- Sedimentation Inflammation Chronic diseases -- Alternative treatment Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease and Alzheimer’s disease are the dominating cause of death globally. Systemic inflammation is pathological mechanism which is linked to the onset of NCDs. The World Health Organisation states that over 75% of NCD deaths occur in low to middle income countries. A paramount step in fighting these diseases is to develop low-cost and portable methods to detect inflammation which rural communities can afford. The aim of this project was to develop a low-cost erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device to detect inflammation in human whole blood. This was achieved through the design and development of a low-cost spectrometer. The prototype employs a Raspberry Pi 4B and Raspberry Pi V2 Camera as the photo-detection and data processing unit. Validation was done against the commercial Ocean Optics USB400 spectrometer with favourable results. The prototype displayed wavelength accuracy and spectral bandwidth closely comparable with the USB400. A novel solvent bonding method was used to manufacture a custom three layer PMMA cartridge which was used as the whole blood sample holder. The prototype is low-cost, portable and light weight. Erythrocyte sedimentation tests were performed with 6 healthy, 6 long COVID-19 and 4 diabetes patients. The supervised machine learning algorithm of linear discriminant (LDA) analysis was used to distinguish between the different health classes (healthy or diseased). The LDA model was able to determine the health class of the sample with a 90.6% accuracy based on the sample’s visible wavelength spectrum during sedimentation. It was concluded that the visible wavelength spectrum of a whole blood sample is indicative of the health class of the patient. AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Nie-oordraagbare siektes (NCD’s) soos diabetes, kanker, chroniese longsiekte en Alzheimer se siekte is die oorheersende oorsaak van wˆereldwye sterftes. Sistemiese inflammasie is ’n patologiese meganisme wat gekoppel is aan die aanvang van NCD’s. Die Wˆereldgesondheidsorganisasie sˆe dat meer as 75% van NCD-sterftes in lae-tot middelinkomstelande voorkom. ’n Belangrike stap in die bekamping van hierdie siektes is om laekoste en draagbare metodes te ontwikkel om inflammasie op te spoor wat landelike gemeenskappe kan bekostig. Die doel van hierdie projek was om ’n laekoste eritrosietsedimentasie-meettoestel te ontwikkel om inflammasie in menslike volbloed op te spoor. Dit is bereik deur die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van ’n laekoste spektrometer. Die prototipe gebruik ’n Raspberry Pi 4B en Raspberry Pi V2-kamera as die foto-opsporing en dataverwerkingseenheid. Validasie is teen die kommersi¨ele Ocean Optics USB400-spektrometer gedoen en het gunstige resultate gelewer. Die prototipe het golflengte-akkuraatheid en spektrale bandwydte vertoon wat baie goed vergelykbaar is met die USB400. ’n Nuwe oplosmiddel bindingsmetode is gebruik om ’n pasgemaakte drielaag PMMA-patroon te vervaardig wat as die volbloedmonsterhouer gebruik is. Die prototipe is goedkoop, draagbaar en liggewig. Eritrosiet sedimentasietoetse is met 6 gesonde, 6 lang COVID-19 en 4 diabetes pasi¨ente uitgevoer. Die toesig masjienleer algoritme van lineˆere diskriminant-analise (LDA) is gebruik om tussen die verskillende gesondheidsklasse (gesond of siek) te onderskei. Die LDA-model was in staat om die gesondheidsklas van die monster te bepaal met ’n 90.6% akkuraatheid, gebaseer op die monster se sigbare golflengtespektrum tydens sedimentasie. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die sigbare golflengtespektrum van ’n volbloedmonster ’n aanduiding is van die gesondheidsklas van die pasi¨ent. Masters 2023-03-02T08:46:09Z 2023-05-18T07:14:07Z 2023-03-02T08:46:09Z 2023-05-18T07:14:07Z 2023-03 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/127286 en_ZA en_ZA Stellenbosch University xiv, 175 pages application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Blood -- Sedimentation Inflammation Chronic diseases -- Alternative treatment Harty, Amba A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title | A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title_full | A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title_fullStr | A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title_short | A low-cost, portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| title_sort | low cost portable erythrocyte sedimentation measurement device for systemic inflammation detection |
| topic | Blood -- Sedimentation Inflammation Chronic diseases -- Alternative treatment |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/127286 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hartyamba alowcostportableerythrocytesedimentationmeasurementdeviceforsystemicinflammationdetection AT hartyamba lowcostportableerythrocytesedimentationmeasurementdeviceforsystemicinflammationdetection |