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Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2023
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| _version_ | 1867613813365276672 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Africa, Amber Justine |
| author2 | Setati, Mathabatha Evodia |
| author_browse | Africa, Amber Justine Setati, Mathabatha Evodia |
| author_facet | Setati, Mathabatha Evodia Africa, Amber Justine |
| author_sort | Africa, Amber Justine |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/128434 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:42:06.574Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/128434 Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay Africa, Amber Justine Setati, Mathabatha Evodia Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Viticulture & Oenology & Institute for Wine Biotechnology. Grapes -- Breeding Chardonnay (Wine) Pinot noir (Wine) Grapes -- Microbiology Wine and wine making -- Microbiology Fungal diseases of grapes UCTD Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The phyllosphere of Vitis vinifera (grapevine) is colonised by a diversity of epiphytes (surface colonisers) including yeasts, bacteria, and filamentous fungi. Phyllospheric microbiota may be pathogenic or beneficial. Grape-associated microbiota are transferred into grape must during the crushing process prior to fermentation. Thus, they play an important role in the organoleptic characteristics of the final wine produced. The current study focused on unravelling the fungal and bacterial communities present on the carposphere (fruit surface), phylloplane (leaf surface) and within grape must of Chardonnay and Pinot noir. The influence of cultivar, development and location were elucidated. High throughput amplicon sequencing was used to identify fungal and bacterial composition and culture-based methods were used to monitor the yeast population during spontaneous fermentation. The carposphere and phylloplane shared similarities in microbial composition and overlapped at developmental stages. However, the fungal community on the phylloplane at pea-size was different to that of véraison and harvest. Alpha diversity was variable on the phylloplane and displayed a general decrease on the carposphere of Pinot noir, but Chardonnay displayed an increase. Grape musts had the highest alpha diversity in both Chardonnay and Pinot noir The grape musts from each vineyard location were microbially and chemically unique, and produced wines with unique chemical properties. This study found that cultivar, development, and location influenced the assembly of microbiota on the carposphere and phylloplane. However, each driver had a different influence. For example, grape musts grouped distinctly according to cultivar, but this was not observed for grapevine organs. Vineyard locations had similar major genera, but minor genera were closely associated with each vineyard. Overall, the study contributes to our understanding of the microbial diversity on phyllospheric grape vine organs (carposphere and phylloplane) and elucidated the influence of location, cultivar, and development on the microbial assembly. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die filosfeer van Vitis vinifera (wingerdstok) word gekoloniseer deur 'n verskeidenheid epifiete (oppervlakkoloniseerders), insluitend giste, bakterieë en filamentagtige swamme. Phyllosferiese mikrobiota kan patogenies of voordelig wees en word tydens die afmaalproses voor fermentasie aan die druiwemos oorgedra. Hulle speel dus 'n belangrike rol in organoleptiese eienskappe van die finale wyn wat geproduseer word. Die huidige studie het gefokus op die ontrafeling van die swam- en bakteriese gemeenskappe wat op die karposfeer (vrugoppervlak), filoplane (blaaroppervlak) en binne druiwemos van Chardonnay en Pinot noir voorkom. Die invloed van kultivar, ontwikkeling en lokasie is toegelig. Hoë deurset amplikonvolgordebepaling is gebruik om swam- en bakteriese samestelling te identifiseer en kultuurgebaseerde metodes is gebruik om die gispopulasie tydens spontane fermentasie te monitor. Die karposfeer en filoplane het ooreenkomste in mikrobiese samestelling gedeel en in ontwikkelingsfases oorvleuel. Die swamgemeenskap op die filoplane by ertjiegrootte was egter anders as dié van véraison en oes. Alfa-diversiteit was veranderlik op die filloplane en het 'n algemene afname van deurslaan tot oes op die karposfeer getoon. Fyngedrukte druiwe het die hoogste alfa-diversiteit in beide Chardonnay en Pinot noir gehad. Die druiwemos van elke wingerd lokaliteit was mikrobies en chemies uniek en het wyne met unieke chemiese eienskappe geproduseer. Hierdie studie het bevind dat kultivar, ontwikkeling en wingerd lokaliteit die samestelling van mikrobiota op die karposfeer en filoplane beïnvloed het. Elke faktor het egter 'n ander invloed gehad. Fyngedrukte druiwe het byvoorbeeld duidelik volgens kultivar gegroepeer, maar dit is nie vir wingerdorgane waargeneem nie. Wingerdplekke het soortgelyke groot genera gehad, maar klein genera was nou verwant aan elke wingerd. Oor die algemeen dra die studie by tot ons begrip van die mikrobiese diversiteit op phyllosferiese druiwewingerdorgane (karposfeer en phylloplane) en het die invloed van ligging, kultivar en ontwikkeling op die mikrobiese samestelling toegelig. Masters 2023-03-07T13:14:14Z 2023-08-30T13:14:21Z 2023-03-28 2023-03-07T13:14:14Z 2023-08-31T09:18:42Z 2023-03-07T13:14:14Z 2023-08-31T09:18:42Z 2023-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/128434 en Stellenbosch University application/pdf xi, 85 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Grapes -- Breeding Chardonnay (Wine) Pinot noir (Wine) Grapes -- Microbiology Wine and wine making -- Microbiology Fungal diseases of grapes UCTD Africa, Amber Justine Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title | Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title_full | Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title_short | Evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Pinot noir and Chardonnay |
| title_sort | evolution of phyllospheric microorganisms on vitis vinifera l cvs pinot noir and chardonnay |
| topic | Grapes -- Breeding Chardonnay (Wine) Pinot noir (Wine) Grapes -- Microbiology Wine and wine making -- Microbiology Fungal diseases of grapes UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/128434 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT africaamberjustine evolutionofphyllosphericmicroorganismsonvitisviniferalcvspinotnoirandchardonnay |