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A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2023
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| _version_ | 1867614129204756480 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Monteiro, Carlos Armando |
| author2 | Schutte, C. S. L. |
| author_browse | Monteiro, Carlos Armando Schutte, C. S. L. |
| author_facet | Schutte, C. S. L. Monteiro, Carlos Armando |
| author_sort | Monteiro, Carlos Armando |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/128707 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:47:07.138Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/128707 A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning Monteiro, Carlos Armando Schutte, C. S. L. Van Laar, J. H. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Industrial Engineering. Gold mines and mining -- South Africa Gold ores -- Economic aspects Mine ventilation Digital twins (Computer simulation) Mines and mineral resources Hydrometallurgy Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2023. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African gold mining industry is facing immense challenges due to factors such as decreased ore grade, decreased productivity and reduced profitability. This leads to an increased drive for optimisations of the various systems within the mines. Of these systems, there is scope for largescale optimisation on the Water Reticulation System (WRS), with it using 30-35% of the total electricity on the mine. Many studies focus on energy optimisation on the WRS. Few studies look further than scenario planning and, as such, literature on water planning for future mining is not abundant. Life-of-mine (LOM) planning involves planning for a particular system for the full life of the mine until decommission. Few studies include water LOM planning considerations, with those including LOM planning neglecting the use of simulation to complete this planning, opting for out-of-date approaches. In line with the transition from Industry 3.0 to Industry 4.0 in the mining sector, simulation-based tools are introduced to simplify this planning. The use of simulation in ventilation LOM planning has become well established over the past few years, with many studies detailing LOM ventilation planning methodologies. Simulation is proposed within the mining context as it allows the user to solve the increasingly complex systems found within the mines. In this study, ventilation planning methodologies were reviewed along with existing water planning methodologies. The application of ventilation planning methods within the water LOM planning field was considered. Many of the concepts found in ventilation-based literature was found to be useful within the water planning context, provided the correct translation between the ventilation and water components was made. Through the analysis of critical mine ventilation and water planning methodologies, a holistic general water planning strategy is proposed in this study making use of digital twin technology. This strategy places focus on recognising the WRS as a system comprising both the supply and return water networks. Additionally, LOM planning considerations were prioritised using historical water intensity data to predict future water requirements. The strategy was implemented on a deep-level gold mine in South Africa as a case study mine. The baseline digital twin development proved successful, with a model accuracy of >95% being achieved. Once the baseline digital twin was verified through calibration, its use was extended to predictive modelling. The predictive model suggested that a new dam was required to cater for the predicted future water flows. Once this dam was built, the model’s predictions were compared against actual data from the underground dam and the associated pump station. This comparison found an error of 3.5% between the predicted conditions and the actual underground conditions. This led to the model being approved for use in predictive modelling, validating the use of the strategy for future water planning. AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse goudmynbedryf ervaar groot uitdagings soos verlaagde ertsgraad, verlaagde produktiwiteit asook ‘n afname in winsgewendheid. Dit lei na toenemende dryf vir optimalisering van sisteme binne myne. Daar is geleentheid vir grootskaalse optimisering van die Water Retikulasie Sisteem (WRS) wat 30-35% van die totale elektrisiteitsverbruik van ‘n myn opmaak. Verskeie studies fokus op die energie optimalisering van myn WRS. Min studies bestudeer WRS verder as scenario beplanning, vervolgens is literatuur oor toekomstige myn WRS beplanning nie volop nie. Mynleeftydsbeplanning (LOM) behels beplanning vir ‘n spesifieke sisteem tot en met die einde van ‘n myn se geskeduleerde sluitingsdatum. Min studies sluit water LOM beplanning in. Die studies wat water LOM beplanning insluit skeep die gebruik van simulasies vir beplanning doeleindes af en maak eerder gebruik van verouderde metodes. Met die oorgang van Industrie 3.0 na Industrie 4.0 in die mynsektor word die gebruik van simulasies ingesluit om die beplanning te vergemaklik. Die gebruik van simulasies vir LOM beplanning het oor die afgelope paar jaar meer gevestig geraak, met verskeie studies wat LOM ventilasiebeplanningsmetodologieë ondersoek. Die gebruik van simulasies word voorgestel in die mynbou-industrie omdat dit die gebruiker toelaat om toenemend komplekse sisteme in die myn te ondersoek. Die studie het die ventilasiebeplanningsmetodologieë asook bestaande waterbeplanningmetodologieë bestudeer. Die toepassing van ventilasiebeplanningsmetodes in water LOM beplanning is oorweeg. Daar is gevind dat baie van die konsepte in ventilasiegebaseerde literatuur toepaslik is op waterbeplanning mits die korrekte verhoudings tussen water- en ventilasiekonsepte geïdentifiseer is. Die studie stel ‘n holistiese en algemene metodologie voor gebaseer op analise van noodsaaklike mynventilasie- en waterbeplanningmetodologieë. Hierdie metodologie fokus daarop om die myn WRS as ‘n sisteem te erken wat uit waterverskafings- en verwyderingsnetwerke bestaan. Daarbenewens is LOM beplanningsoorwegings geprioritiseer deur historiese waterintensiteitsdata te gebruik om toekomstige watervereistes te voorspel. Die metodologie is geïmplimenteer op ‘n diepvlak goudmyn in Suid-Afrika as ‘n gevallestudie . Die basislynmodelontwikkeling was suksesvol na ‘n akkuraatheid van >95% bereik is. Na die basislynmodel geverifieer is deur kalibrasie, is die gebruik daarvan uitgebrei na voorspellende modellering. Die voorspellende model het bewys dat ‘n nuwe dam benodig was om kapasiteit te skep vir toekomstige watervloei. Na konstruksie van die dam voltooi is, is data van die voorspellende model vergelyk met data van die ondergrondse dam en die geassosieerde pompstasie. Die vergelyking het ‘n teenstrydigheid van 3.5% gevind tussen die voorspelde waardes en die werklike waardes. Die model is gevolglik goedgekeur vir voorspellende modellering, wat dus die gebruik van die metodologie vir beplanning geldig maak. Masters 2023-02-13T06:31:00Z 2023-11-16T09:06:12Z 2023-02-13T06:31:00Z 2023-11-16T09:06:12Z 2023-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/128707 en_ZA Stellenbosch University 129 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Gold mines and mining -- South Africa Gold ores -- Economic aspects Mine ventilation Digital twins (Computer simulation) Mines and mineral resources Hydrometallurgy Monteiro, Carlos Armando A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title | A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title_full | A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title_fullStr | A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title_full_unstemmed | A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title_short | A simulation-based strategy for life-of-mine water planning |
| title_sort | simulation based strategy for life of mine water planning |
| topic | Gold mines and mining -- South Africa Gold ores -- Economic aspects Mine ventilation Digital twins (Computer simulation) Mines and mineral resources Hydrometallurgy |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/128707 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monteirocarlosarmando asimulationbasedstrategyforlifeofminewaterplanning AT monteirocarlosarmando simulationbasedstrategyforlifeofminewaterplanning |