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The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population
Marais, Chantelle. 2024. The Association of Cribra Orbitalia and Porotic Hyperostosis with Respiratory Diseases in a Western Cape Population. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available:https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/021c5137-5f02-4ca6-b7a6-3ea2adad9d31
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| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2024
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| _version_ | 1867613734441058304 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Marais, Chantelle |
| author2 | Alblas, Amanda |
| author_browse | Alblas, Amanda Marais, Chantelle |
| author_facet | Alblas, Amanda Marais, Chantelle |
| author_sort | Marais, Chantelle |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Marais, Chantelle. 2024. The Association of Cribra Orbitalia and Porotic Hyperostosis with Respiratory Diseases in a Western Cape Population. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available:https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/021c5137-5f02-4ca6-b7a6-3ea2adad9d31
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| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/130818 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:40:51.455Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/130818 The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population Marais, Chantelle Alblas, Amanda Cilliers, Karen Lathe, Stephanie Justine Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Biomedical Sciences. Anemia -- Complications -- Western Cape (South Africa) Respiratory system -- Diseases -- Western Cape (South Africa) Cribra orbitalia -- Western Cape (South Africa) Porotic hyperostosis -- Western Cape (South Africa) UCTD Marais, Chantelle. 2024. The Association of Cribra Orbitalia and Porotic Hyperostosis with Respiratory Diseases in a Western Cape Population. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available:https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/021c5137-5f02-4ca6-b7a6-3ea2adad9d31 Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2024. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Cribra orbitalia (CO) and porotic hyperostosis (PH) are porous cranial lesions found on the superior (roof) portion of the orbit and the cranial vault, respectively. Both lesions are considered as a manifestation of anaemia, commonly iron-deficiency anaemia, and an association between CO and PH in individuals with respiratory infections has been revealed in recent years. This study aimed to determine the association between CO and PH presence and severity, with respiratory disease as a cause of death (COD). Additionally, the study aimed to analyse the microarchitecture of the cortical and trabecular bone in the orbital roof and cranial vault to investigate the possible aetiology of CO and/or PH. All male and female adult skulls exhibiting CO and/or PH in the Kirsten Skeletal Collection (KSC) was selected for the sample. These individuals with evidence of CO and/or PH were previously identified by Alblas et al. (2018). Any new skeletal intakes since the sample by Alblas et al. (2018) were added to the study. Only the skeletal material with known demographic records, including sex, age-at-death, and COD were used for macroscopic and radiographic analysis. The COD listed in the KSC database was categorised as either respiratory disease (n=53) or non-respiratory disease (n= 96)according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The total sample consistedof 149 skulls (102 males and 47 females). The presence/absence and severity grade of CO and PH was scored according to the grading criteria outlined by Buikstra & Ubelaker (1994) and Stuart-Macadam (1985). Radiographic analysis of the micro-CT scans for each skull was performed using Stratovan Checkpoint™ software. When CO or PH was present in an individual, the bone microarchitecture of each lesion was recorded according to (1) cortical bone thickening, (2) pitting and/or porosity without diploic expansion, (3) diploic expansion with pitting and/or porosity. The results revealed that lesion prevalence and severity were not significantly associated with respiratory disease as a COD. Porotic hyperostosis was observed at a greater frequency than CO in the KSC and almost half of the CO and PH observed in the sample was of mild severity. Younger adults (20-35 years of age) had a higher odds ratio for PH presence compared to older adults (>35 years of age) in the current study, although age was not significantly associated with lesion prevalence in general. The presented data indicated no statistically significant difference in the frequency of either CO or PH between adult males and females. However, it was revealed that males had a higher likelihood of CO presence than females. By examining the cortical and trabecular changes in skulls where the lesions were macroscopically visible, this study provided valuable information about the underlying physiological processes that took place during lesion formation, which was compared by COD, sex, and age-at-death variables. Despite not finding the expected result(s), this study still adds to the current knowledge and understanding of the relationship between the porous lesions at the orbital roof and cranial vault, especially in the KSC. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Cribra orbitalia (CO) en porotiese hiperostose (PH) is poreuse kraniale letsels wat onderskeidelik op die superior gedeelte van die oogkas en die kraniale gewelf gevind word. Beide letsels word beskou as 'n manifestasie van bloedarmoede, veral ystertekort-anemie, en'n assosiasie tussen CO en PH in individue met respiratoriese infeksies is in onlangse jare aan die lig gebring. Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om die verband tussen CO- en PHaanwesigheid en erns met respiratoriese siekte as 'n oorsaak van dood (COD), te bepaal. Daarbenewens het die studie daarop gemik om die mikroargitektuur van die kortikale en trabekulêre been van die letsels te ontleed om die moontlike etiologie van CO en/of PH te ondersoek. Alle manlike en vroulike volwasse skedels wat CO en/of PH in die Kirsten Skeletal Collection (KSC) getoon het, was vir die steekproef geselekteer. Hierdie individue met bewyse van CO en/of PH was voorheen deur Alblas et al. (2018) geïdentifiseer. Enige nuwe skeletinnames sedert die studie deur Alblas et al. (2018) was by die studie gevoeg. Slegs die skeletmateriaal met bekende demografiese inligting, insluitend geslag, ouderdom by afsterwe en COD is vir makroskopiese en radiografiese analise gebruik. Die COD wat in die KSCdatabasis gelys is, word gekategoriseer as óf respiratoriese siekte (n=53) óf nie-respiratoriese siekte (n= 96) volgens die Internasionale Klassifikasie van Siektes (ICD). Die totale steekproef het uit 149 skedels bestaan (102 mans en 47 vroue). Die teenwoordigheid en ernsgraad van CO en PH is beoordeel volgens die graderingskriteria soos uiteengesit deur Buikstra & Ubelaker (1994) en Stuart-Macadam (1985). Radiografiese analise van die mikro-CT-skanderings was vir elke skedel uitgevoer met behulp van Stratovan Checkpoint™ sagteware. Wanneer CO of PH in 'n individu teenwoordig was, is die beenmikro-argitektuur van elke letsel aangeteken volgens die volgende kriteria: (1) kortikale beenverdikking, (2) pitvorming en/of porositeit sonder diploïese uitbreiding, (3) diploiese uitbreiding met pitting en/of porositeit. Die resultate dui aan dat die voorkoms en erns van letsels nie beduidend geassosieer word met respiratoriese siekte as 'n COD nie. Porotiese hiperostose is teen 'n groter frekwensie as CO waargeneem en byna die helfte van die CO en PH wat in die steekproef waargeneem is, was van ligte erns. In die huidige studie het jonger volwassenes (20-35 jaar oud) 'n hoër kansverhouding vir Hteenwoordigheid in vergelyking met ouer volwassenes (>35 jaar oud) aangedui, alhoewel ouderdom nie met letselvoorkoms in die algemeen geassosieer is nie. Die data wat aangebied is, het geen statisties betekenisvolle verskil in die frekwensie van óf CO óf PH tussen volwasse mans en vroue aangedui nie. Dit is egter aan die lig gebring dat mans 'n groter waarskynlikheid van CO teenwoordigheid as vroue het. Deur die kortikale en trabekulêre veranderinge in skedels te ondersoek waar die letsels makroskopies sigbaar was, het hierdie studie waardevolle inligting verskaf oor die onderliggende fisiologiese prosesse wat tydens letselvorming plaasgevind het. Ten spyte daarvan dat die verwagte resultate nie gevind is nie, dra hierdie studie steeds by tot die huidige kennis en begrip van die verband tussen CO en PH, veral in die KSC. Masters 2024-02-27T15:23:55Z 2024-05-08T11:44:56Z 2024-02-27T15:23:55Z 2024-05-08T11:44:56Z 2024-02 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/130818 en Stellenbosch University xiii, 64 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Anemia -- Complications -- Western Cape (South Africa) Respiratory system -- Diseases -- Western Cape (South Africa) Cribra orbitalia -- Western Cape (South Africa) Porotic hyperostosis -- Western Cape (South Africa) UCTD Marais, Chantelle The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title | The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title_full | The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title_fullStr | The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title_short | The association of Cribra orbitalia and Porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a Western Cape population |
| title_sort | association of cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis with respiratory diseases in a western cape population |
| topic | Anemia -- Complications -- Western Cape (South Africa) Respiratory system -- Diseases -- Western Cape (South Africa) Cribra orbitalia -- Western Cape (South Africa) Porotic hyperostosis -- Western Cape (South Africa) UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/130818 |
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