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Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613840531783680 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Cronje, Jean Pierre |
| author2 | Terblanche, N. S. |
| author_browse | Cronje, Jean Pierre Terblanche, N. S. |
| author_facet | Terblanche, N. S. Cronje, Jean Pierre |
| author_sort | Cronje, Jean Pierre |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description |
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2024. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/131627 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:42:31.964Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/131627 Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs Cronje, Jean Pierre Terblanche, N. S. Theron-Wepener, Marietjie Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Business Management. Entrepreneurship Self-efficacy New business enterprises -- Planning UCTD Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2024. ENGLISH SUMMARY: Entrepreneurship is the dynamic interaction between an individual and the entrepreneurial environment, leading to a business venture. Consequently, the individual plays a central role in the entrepreneurial process, requiring motivation, behavioural competencies, and business management skills to transition from early entrepreneurship to established business ownership. Entrepreneurs are generally categorised as either opportunity-driven or survival-driven. Survival-driven entrepreneurs, the focus of this study, often turn to entrepreneurship in the absence of formal employment. They often lack the necessary skills to engage confidently in the entrepreneurial process. Additionally, the challenges they face in developing their skills and confidence are often exacerbated by a scarcity of entrepreneurial education and development opportunities. Understanding the specific development needs of survival-driven entrepreneurs can inform the development of interventions that enhance their behavioural and functional skills, enabling them to engage more confidently in entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy, a multi-dimensional construct, encompasses an entrepreneur's self-confidence to execute tasks and develop the necessary business and behavioural competencies. It is a learned competence that can be developed and enhanced, with coaching and mentoring recognised as individual-level antecedents. Coaching adopts a reflective and facilitative approach, while mentoring is more directive. However, no comprehensive theoretical framework exists that integrates these approaches to support the development of survival-driven entrepreneurs. This research aims to fill this knowledge gap by exploring the properties an integrated coaching and mentoring framework should possess to contribute to the entrepreneurial self-efficacy of survival-driven entrepreneurs during the early stages of entrepreneurship, focusing on both general self-efficacy and domain-specific entrepreneurial skills development. The research approach employed to develop the Integrated Coaching and Mentoring Entrepreneurial Development Framework (ICMED Framework) was exploratory, qualitative, and followed an inductive methodology. Data collection and analysis occurred in three distinct phases. In Phase 1, a conceptual version of the framework was developed by conducting a thematic content analysis of data gathered from semi-structured interviews (n=21). During Phase 2, the conceptual framework evolved and was refined through Canonical Action Research (n=10) resulting in the generation of a draft version of the framework. Phase 3 involved the use of focus groups (n= 21) to arrive at the final version of the ICMED Framework. The findings from this research enrich practical implementation, scholarly knowledge and methodological refinement. The ICMED Framework provides practical guidelines for coaches and mentors seeking to contribute towards enhancing the entrepreneurial self-efficacy of survival-driven entrepreneurs. Moreover, it has the potential to complement existing entrepreneurial training and development programmes. Additionally, the framework contributes to the development of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on a theoretical level by adopting an integrated and holistic approach informed by the current reality of the survival-driven entrepreneur. The framework is underpinned by Integral Theory and Experiential Learning Theory, which complement Social Cognitive Theory as a behavioural theory. Methodologically, this study enhances the rigour of the Coaching Model Derivation Process by integrating focus groups as a new step in the process, thereby including user feedback in coaching model development. This study makes numerous practical recommendations, including suggestions for future research. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Entrepreneurskap is die dinamiese interaksie tussen 'n individu en die entrepreneuriese omgewing, wat lei tot 'n sakeonderneming. Gevolglik speel die individu 'n sentrale rol in die entrepreneuriese proses, wat motivering, gedragsbevoegdhede en besigheidsbestuursvaardighede vereis om van vroee entrepreneurskap na gevestigde besigheidseienaarskap oor te gaan. Entrepreneurs kan gekategoriseer word as of geleentheidsgedrewe of oorlewingsgedrewe. Oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs, wat die fokus van hierdie studie is, wend hulself meestal weens 'n gebrek aan formele indiensneming na entrepreneurskap, en het dikwels nie die nodige vaardighede om selfversekerd aan die entrepreneuriese proses deel te neem nie. Die uitdagings van oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs word dikwels vererger deur 'n gebrek aan entrepreneurskaponderrig en ontwikkelingsgeleenthede. Begrip van die spesifieke behoeftes van oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs kan lei tot die ingeligte ontwikkeling van intervensies wat hul gedrags- en funksionele vaardighede verbeter, ten einde hulle in staat te stel om met meer selfvertroue aan entrepreneuriese aktiwiteite deel te neem. Entrepreneuriese selfdoeltreffendheid, 'n multi-dimensionele konstruk, omvat 'n entrepreneur se selfvertroue om take uit te voer en die nodige sake- en gedragsbevoegdhede te ontwikkel. Dit is 'n geleerde bevoegdheid wat ontwikkel en verbeter kan word, met afrigting en mentorskap wat erken word as individuele aanloopfaktore. Afrigting het 'n reflektiewe en fasiliterende benadering, terwyl mentorskap meer rigtinggewend is. Daar is egter geen omvattende teoretiese raamwerk wat hierdie benaderings integreer om die ontwikkeling van oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs te ondersteun nie. Hierdie navorsing poog om die kennisgaping te vul deur te ondersoek watter eienskappe 'n geintegreerde afrigting- en mentorskapraamwerk moet he om by te dra tot die selfdoeltreffendheid van oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs tydens die vroee stadiums van entrepreneurskap, met die fokus op sowel algemene selfdoeltreffendheid as domein-spesifieke entrepreneurs-vaardigheidsontwikkeling. Die navorsingsbenadering wat gebruik is om die Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsraamwerk vir Afrigting en Mentorskap te ontwikkel, was verkennend, kwalitatief, en het 'n induktiewe metodologie gevolg. Data-insameling en -ontleding het in drie verskillende fases plaasgevind. In Fase 1 is 'n konsepsuele weergawe van die raamwerk ontwikkel deur 'n tematiese inhoudsanalise van data wat deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude versamel is (n=21). Gedurende Fase 2 is die konsepsuele raamwerk deur Kanoniese Aksienavorsing (n=10) verfyn tot 'n proefweergawe van die raamwerk. Fase 3 het fokusgroepe (n=21) gebruik om die finale weergawe van die Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsraamwerk vir Afrigting en Mentorskap te bepaal. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing verryk praktiese implementering, wetenskaplike kennis en metodologiese verfyning. Die Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsraamwerk vir Afrigting en Mentorskap verskaf praktiese riglyne vir afrigters en mentors wat daarna streef om by te dra tot die verbetering van die selfdoeltreffendheid van oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneurs. Boonop het dit die potensiaal om bestaande entrepreneursopleiding- en ontwikkelingsprogramme aan te vul. Die raamwerk dra ook by tot die ontwikkeling van selfdoeltreffendheid op 'n teoretiese vlak deur 'n geintegreerde en holistiese benadering aan te neem wat ingelig is deur die huidige werklikheid van die oorlewingsgedrewe entrepreneur. Die raamwerk is onderbou deur Integrale Teorie en Ervaringsleer Teorie, wat Sosiale Kognitiewe Teorie aanvul. Metodologies verhoog hierdie studie die strengheid van die Afrigtingsmodel Afleidingsproses deur fokusgroepe as 'n nuwe stap in die proses te integreer. Hierdie studie maak talle aanbevelings vir die praktyk en toekomstige navorsing. Doctoral 2025-01-30T09:31:55Z 2025-01-30T09:31:55Z 2024-12 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/131627 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xxv, 403 pages : illustrations, includes annexures application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Entrepreneurship Self-efficacy New business enterprises -- Planning UCTD Cronje, Jean Pierre Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title | Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title_full | Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title_short | Exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self-efficacy in survival-driven entrepreneurs |
| title_sort | exploring the contribution of an integrated coaching and mentoring framework to develop entrepreneurial self efficacy in survival driven entrepreneurs |
| topic | Entrepreneurship Self-efficacy New business enterprises -- Planning UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/131627 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cronjejeanpierre exploringthecontributionofanintegratedcoachingandmentoringframeworktodevelopentrepreneurialselfefficacyinsurvivaldrivenentrepreneurs |