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Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613883934441472 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Augustyn, Hanneke |
| author2 | Swanepoel, Pieter Andreas |
| author_browse | Augustyn, Hanneke Swanepoel, Pieter Andreas |
| author_facet | Swanepoel, Pieter Andreas Augustyn, Hanneke |
| author_sort | Augustyn, Hanneke |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132104 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:13.574Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132104 Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape Augustyn, Hanneke Swanepoel, Pieter Andreas Strauss, Johann A. Lombard, P. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Agronomy. Legumes -- Breeding -- South Africa -- Western Cape Legumes -- Climatic factors Crop rotation -- South Africa -- Western Cape Nitrogen fertilizers Soils -- Nitrogen content Cash crops -- South Africa -- Western Cape Soils -- Measurement Crops and soils -- Management UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. Augustyn, H. 2025. Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/54e4cb58-7e46-4c85-b36b-95b1424159b5 ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The reliance on nitrogen fertiliser in crop production has become an expensive part of crop production in the Western Cape. With the practice of conservation agriculture and the adoption of crop rotation systems that includes legumes, producers can reap the benefit of nitrogen fixation, lowering their nitrogen needs. The efficacy of the legumes in terms of nitrogen fixation has not been studied in the Western Cape’s grain producing areas, although well documented internationally. The aim of the study was to determine the productivity of legumes to give producers a more informed understanding of the legumes in a crop rotation systems system and to make better decisions on nitrogen fertiliser applications for the subsequent crop Three sites across the Western Cape with variations in soil and climatic conditions were used from 2020 to 2023. Legumes that is available and suited for production in the Western Cape were planted. They included lupins (Lupinus angustifolius and L. albus), faba beans (Vicia faba), field peas (Pisum sativum), chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) as well as pasture legumes such as medics (Medicago polymorpha and M. truncatula), vetch (Vicia sativa) and clovers (Trifolium spp.). Following the legume treatment, the cash crop was generally wheat (Triticum aestivum). The legume seed yields varied from season to season, across research sites and between the treatments. The nodule index was calculated as an indication of the effectiveness of nodule formation. Nodulation decreased with dry and warm conditions during planting. One of the study's conclusions was that climatic conditions influence the nitrogen parameters (N concentration, N mineralisation rate and the amount of bacteria with the nifH gene) of the study. The crop yield following the legume phase did not differ between legume treatments (p > 0.05), but there were differences in the grain quality of the wheat. The nifH gene is used as a marker for nitrogen fixation potential. Increases from the end of the legume phase to the start of the cash crop phase in cycles two and three of the results indicated that the nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) concentration in the soil increased, explaining the yield results since no additional fertiliser was applied. No single treatment outperformed any other across the various sites, and the results indicated that the best choice of legume might be area specific. This study serves as a foundation for future research aimed at enhancing legume nodulation efficiency, enabling producers to optimise fertiliser use more effectively. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die afhanklikheid van stikstof kunsmis in gewasproduksie het ’n belangrike komponent van gewasproduksie in die Wes-Kaap geword. Met die praktyk van bewaringslandbou en die aanvaarding van gewasrotasiestelsels wat peulgewasse insluit, kan produsente die voordeel van stikstofbinding benut en sodoende hul stikstofbehoeftes verlaag. Die doeltreffendheid van peulgewasse ten opsigte van stikstofbinding is nog nie in die Wes-Kaap se graanproduserende gebiede bestudeer nie, hoewel dit internasionaal goed gedokumenteer is. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die produktiwiteit van peulgewasse te bepaal, ten einde produsente ’n meer ingeligte begrip van peulgewasse in ’n gewasrotasiestelsel te gee. Sowel as om hulle te help om beter besluite oor stikstofkunsmistoedienings vir die daaropvolgende gewas te neem. Drie lokaliteite regoor die Wes-Kaap, met verskillende grond- en klimaatstoestande, is van 2020 tot 2023 gebruik. Peulgewasse wat beskikbaar en geskik is vir produksie in die Wes-Kaap, is geplant. Dit het lupiene (Lupinus angustifolius en L. albus), faba-bone (Vicia faba), veld-ertjies (Pisum sativum), keker-ertjies (Cicer arietinum), asook weidingspeulgewasse soos medics (Medicago polymorpha en M. truncatula), wieke (Vicia sativa) en klawers (Trifolium spp.) ingesluit. Ná die peulgewasbehandelings was die daaropvolgende kontantgewas gewoonlik koring (Triticum aestivum). Die peulgewas-saadopbrengste het gewissel van seisoen tot seisoen, tussen lokaliteite en tussen behandelings. ’n Nodule indeks is bereken, as aanduiding van die doeltreffendheid van nodusvorming, en dit het geblyk dat nodulering verminder onder droë en warm toestande tydens aanplanting. Een van die studie se bevindings was dat klimaatstoestande die stikstofparameters (N-konsentrasie, N- mineralisasiekoers en die hoeveelheid bakterieë met die nifH-geen) beïnvloed. Die gewasopbrengs ná die peulgewasfase het nie beduidend verskil tussen die peulgewasbehandelings nie (p > 0.05), maar daar was wel verskille in die korrelkwaliteit van die koring. Die nifH-geen word gebruik as ’n merker vir stikstofbindingspotensiaal. Stygings vanaf die einde van die peulgewasfase tot by die begin van die kontantgewasfase in siklusse twee en drie het getoon dat die stikstofkonsentrasie (ammonium en nitraat) in die grond toegeneem het, wat die opbrengsresultate verklaar. Aangesien geen bykomende kunsmis toegedien is nie. Geen enkele behandeling het enige ander oor alle terreine uitpresteer nie, en die resultate dui daarop dat die beste keuse van peulgewas moontlik gebiedspesifiek is. Hierdie studie dien as grondslag vir toekomstige navorsing wat daarop gemik is om peulgewas-nodulering doeltreffender te maak, sodat produsente hul kunsmisgebruik meer optimaal kan bestuur. Masters 2025-05-23T13:07:58Z 2025-05-23T13:07:58Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132104 en Stellenbosch University vii. 80 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Legumes -- Breeding -- South Africa -- Western Cape Legumes -- Climatic factors Crop rotation -- South Africa -- Western Cape Nitrogen fertilizers Soils -- Nitrogen content Cash crops -- South Africa -- Western Cape Soils -- Measurement Crops and soils -- Management UCTD Augustyn, Hanneke Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title | Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title_full | Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title_fullStr | Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title_short | Effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the Western Cape |
| title_sort | effect of legumes on the subsequent cash crop in the western cape |
| topic | Legumes -- Breeding -- South Africa -- Western Cape Legumes -- Climatic factors Crop rotation -- South Africa -- Western Cape Nitrogen fertilizers Soils -- Nitrogen content Cash crops -- South Africa -- Western Cape Soils -- Measurement Crops and soils -- Management UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132104 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT augustynhanneke effectoflegumesonthesubsequentcashcropinthewesterncape |