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Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics
Zata, M. M. 2025. Modelling Fairness in One Health Initiatives through System Dynamics. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/7534590a-c894-4ccf-9205-9753f3a1c835
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| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613921732460544 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu |
| author2 | Grobbelaar, S. S. |
| author_browse | Grobbelaar, S. S. Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu |
| author_facet | Grobbelaar, S. S. Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu |
| author_sort | Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Zata, M. M. 2025. Modelling Fairness in One Health Initiatives through System Dynamics. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/7534590a-c894-4ccf-9205-9753f3a1c835 |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132308 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:50.076Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132308 Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu Grobbelaar, S. S. Meyer, Isabel Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Industrial Engineering. One health Outcome assessment (Medical care) System analysis UCTD Zata, M. M. 2025. Modelling Fairness in One Health Initiatives through System Dynamics. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/7534590a-c894-4ccf-9205-9753f3a1c835 Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The lack of a fairness perspective in One Health interventions has led to inequitable outcomes where human, animal, and environmental health are interconnected. This research addresses fairness food systems and One Health initiatives, with a case study on a system dynamic model for smallholder farmer context farming in South Africa. The study identified fairness as the One Health framework to promote more equitable health outcomes. A comprehensive methodology was employed to achieve these objectives. A scoping review was conducted to identify fairness and One Health themes and develop a research agenda. A literature review on fairness was conducted to identify the dimensions and principles from a fundamental perspective. Fairness was defined in the context of food systems, focusing on addressing disparities faced by smallholder farmers, farm workers, migrant labourers, and consumers. Additional themes, such as food justice, food sovereignty, and environmental justice, were explored to develop a comprehensive understanding of fairness in food systems and a broad definition. A One Health literature review was conducted to identify its drivers, principles, challenges and the key areas it focuses on. The research then assessed an existing One Health intervention system dynamics model developed by Van Heerden (2023), aimed at improving the productivity of smallholder farmers in South Africa by considering One Health outcomes. This adaptation involved incorporating fairness-related insights into the interventions and assessing the fairness of the health outcomes. Scenarios were simulated to examine human, animal, and environmental health trade-offs. For the human health outcomes, income, profit and the ratio of income to expenditures were the primary outcomes. For animal health, mortality rate, total herd size, nutrition, disease and vaccination rates in young and mature herds were primary outcomes. Feed density index and land use (animal/area available) were the outcomes for environmental health. A geometric mean was formulated as an index for human, animal and environmental health. Results from the interventions in the model highlight critical variables such as land use, access to and quality of disease and nutrition management training, price and shelf life of vaccines, and access to disease management infrastructure, which significantly impacted the model. A key component of this research was scenarios in which government support for smallholders and market support fails. The government failure scenario modelled the potential implications of poor policy development or implementation that can support smallholder farmers and affect the health of humans, animals and the environment. The market failure explored the lack of access to inputs, increasing input prices, and decreasing weaner prices. The insights further explored issues that could arise from these failures outside of the system boundaries. The findings highlighted the need for an equitable intervention design that integrates fairness for all actors into the One Health framework, which should include all actors in the procedures for such interventions. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebrek aan 'n billikheidsperspektief in One Health-intervensies het gelei tot onbillike uitkomste waar menslike, diere- en omgewingsgesondheid met mekaar verbind is. Hierdie navorsing spreek billikheidskosstelsels en One Health-inisiatiewe aan, met 'n gevallestudie oor 'n stelseldinamiese model vir kleinboer-konteksboerdery in Suid-Afrika. Die studie het regverdigheid geïdentifiseer as die One Health-raamwerk om meer billike gesondheidsuitkomste te bevorder. 'n Omvattende metodologie is aangewend om hierdie doelwitte te bereik. 'n Scoping-oorsig is gedoen om regverdigheid en One Health-temas te identifiseer en 'n navorsingsagenda te ontwikkel. 'n Literatuuroorsig oor regverdigheid is gedoen om die dimensies en beginsels vanuit 'n fundamentele perspektief te identifiseer. Billikheid is gedefinieer in die konteks van voedselstelsels, met die fokus op die aanspreek van ongelykhede waarmee kleinboere, plaaswerkers, trekarbeiders en verbruikers te kampe het. Bykomende temas, soos voedselgeregtigheid, voedselsoewereiniteit en omgewingsgeregtigheid, is ondersoek om 'n omvattende begrip van regverdigheid in voedselstelsels en 'n breë definisie te ontwikkel. 'n One Health literatuuroorsig is gedoen om sy drywers, beginsels, uitdagings en die sleutelareas waarop dit fokus, te identifiseer. Die navorsing het toe 'n bestaande One Health-intervensiestelseldinamika-model beoordeel wat deur Van Heerden (2023) ontwikkel is, wat daarop gemik is om die produktiwiteit van kleinboere in SuidAfrika te verbeter deur Een Gesondheidsuitkomste te oorweeg. Hierdie aanpassing het behels die inkorporering van billikheidsverwante insigte in die intervensies en die beoordeling van die regverdigheid van die gesondheidsuitkomste. Scenario's is gesimuleer om menslike, diere- en omgewingsgesondheidsafwegings te ondersoek. Vir die menslike gesondheidsuitkomste was inkomste, wins en die verhouding van inkomste tot uitgawes die primêre uitkomste. Vir dieregesondheid was sterftesyfer, totale kuddegrootte, voeding, siektes en inentingsyfers by jong en volwasse kuddes primêre uitkomste. Voerdigtheidsindeks en grondgebruik (dier/area beskikbaar) was die uitkomste vir omgewingsgesondheid. 'n Meetkundige gemiddelde is geformuleer as 'n indeks vir menslike, diere- en omgewingsgesondheid. Resultate van die intervensies in die model beklemtoon kritieke veranderlikes soos grondgebruik, toegang tot en kwaliteit van siekte- en voedingsbestuursopleiding, prys- en raklewe van entstowwe, en toegang tot siektebestuursinfrastruktuur, wat die model aansienlik beïnvloed het. 'n Sleutelkomponent van hierdie navorsing was scenario's waarin regeringsondersteuning vir kleinboere en markondersteuning misluk. Die regeringsmislukkingsscenario het die potensiële implikasies van swak beleidsontwikkeling of implementering gemodelleer wat kleinboere kan ondersteun en die gesondheid van mense, diere en die omgewing kan beïnvloed. Die markmislukking het die gebrek aan toegang tot insette, toenemende insetpryse en dalende speenpryse ondersoek. Die insigte het verder kwessies ondersoek wat uit hierdie mislukkings buite die stelselgrense kan voortspruit. Die bevindinge het die behoefte aan 'n billike intervensie-ontwerp beklemtoon wat regverdigheid vir alle akteurs integreer in die One Health-raamwerk, wat alle akteurs in die prosedures vir sulke intervensies moet insluit. Masters 2025-06-03T09:26:00Z 2025-06-03T09:26:00Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132308 en Stellenbosch University xiii, 147 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | One health Outcome assessment (Medical care) System analysis UCTD Zata, Masiiwa Madhamu Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title | Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title_full | Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title_fullStr | Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title_short | Modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| title_sort | modelling fairness in one health initiatives through system dynamics |
| topic | One health Outcome assessment (Medical care) System analysis UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132308 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zatamasiiwamadhamu modellingfairnessinonehealthinitiativesthroughsystemdynamics |