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Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025.
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867614103747428352 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Holster, Keshia Joan |
| author2 | Botes, Willem |
| author_browse | Botes, Willem Holster, Keshia Joan |
| author_facet | Botes, Willem Holster, Keshia Joan |
| author_sort | Holster, Keshia Joan |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132440 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:46:43.557Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132440 Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding Holster, Keshia Joan Botes, Willem Le Maitre, Nicholas Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Genetics. Wheat -- Breeding Wheat -- Genetic engineering Male sterility in plants -- Genetic aspects Phenotype Wheat -- Yields Wheat -- Genetics -- Technological innovations Marker-assisted selection UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. Holster, K. J. 2025. Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/e26806a0-8e88-499b-a42b-533459aa20c8 ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The production of high-yielding wheat cultivars can be achieved through pre-breeding efforts, to accommodate global demand. Pre-breeding identifies and readies novel traits so that it can be introduced into breeding programmes. The aim of the study was to identify entries through high throughput technology and phenotypic assessment, that can be used within the Male sterility marker assisted recurrent selection (MS-MARS) facilitated pre-breeding program to improve yield. The objectives of the study included: the execution of the MS-MARS scheme and validation of the Male Sterility 3 (Ms3) gene; the phenotypic assessment of the field trial using Agrobase; the identification, optimisation and validation of Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The first cycle of MS-MARS confirmed the dominant presence of the Ms3 gene. However, the second MS-MARS cycle did not conform to a 1:1 ratio segregation (p ≤ 0.05). This was likely due to the gene's temperature sensitivity and due to the presence of outcrossing. The genetic marker, however, displayed a 96% accuracy in identifying the morphology of the sterile plants. Phenotypic traits such as spike length, spikelet number, floret number, grain weight, grain number, thousand kernel weight (TKW) and seed area were measured and analysed using Agrobase. The TKW, grain weight, seed area, spike length, spikelet number and floret number phenotypic traits had low coefficient of variation values and statistically significant p-values. The GW2-6A, Sus1-7B, and 1RS-1BL KASP markers were associated with a statistically significant increase in TKW. The Sus2-2A, CWI-4A, and TGW6-A1 KASP markers showed no relationship with increased yield in the study material and should be further evaluated in previously established populations with specific markers. The results highlighted five entries with superior phenotypic traits that could be further incorporated into the MS-MARS pre-breeding program. Future studies should include the validation of more KASP markers due to their robust nature. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die produksie van hoë-opbrengs koringkultivars kan bereik word deur voortelingspogings, om die globale vraag te akkommodeer. Voorteling identifiseer en maak nuwe eienskappe gereed sodat dit in teelprogramme geinkorporeer kan word. Die doel van die studie was om inskrywings te identifiseer deur middel van hoë deurset tegnologie en fenotipiese assessering, wat gebruik kan word binne die manlike steriliteitsmerker ondersteunde herhalende seleksie fasiliteerde voorteelprogram om opbrengs te verbeter. Die doelwitte van die studie het ingesluit: die uitvoering van die MS-MARS-skema en validering van die Ms3-geen; die fenotipiese assessering van die veldproef met behulp van Agrobase; die identifikasie, optimisering en validering van Kompeterende Alleel Spesifieke PKR (KASP) merkers. Die eerste siklus van MS-MARS het die dominante teenwoordigheid van die Ms3 geen bevestig. Die tweede MS-MARS-siklus het egter nie aan die goedheid-tot-pasverhouding voldoen nie, aangesien die p-waardes minder as 0.05 aandui dat die Ms3 geen nie in 'n 1:1- verhouding geskei het nie. Dit kan moontlik toegeskryf word aan die geen se temperatuursensitiwiteit en die voorkoms van uitkruising. Die merker het egter 'n 96% akkuraatheid getoon in die identifisering van die morfologie van die steriele plante. Fenotipiese eienskappe soos aarlengte, aargetal, blom pakkie aantal, korrelgewig, korrelgetal, duisendpitgewig en saadoppervlakte is met behulp van Agrobase ontleed. Die duisendpitgewig, korrelgewig, saadoppervlakte, aarlengte, aargetal en blom pakkie aantal, fenotipiese eienskappe het lae koëffisiënt van variasiewaardes en statisties betekenisvolle p-waardes gehad. Die GW2-6A, Sus1-7B en 1RS-1BL KASP merkers is suksesvol geassosieer met 'n statisties betekenisvolle toename in duisendpitgewig. Die Sus2-2A, CWI-4A en TGW6-A1 KASP- merkers het geen verband met verhoogde opbrengs getoon nie in die studiemateriaal en behoort verder geëvalueer te word in voorafbepaalde bevolkings met die spesifieke merkers. Die resultate het vyf inskrywings met voortreflike fenotipiese eienskappe uitgelig wat verder in die MS-MARS-voorteelprogram geïnkorporeer kan word. Toekomstige studies behoort die validering van meer KASP-merkers in te sluit as gevolg van hul robuuste aard. Masters 2025-06-06T14:05:26Z 2025-06-06T14:05:26Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132440 Stellenbosch University xvi, 103 pages : illustrations (some color), maps application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Wheat -- Breeding Wheat -- Genetic engineering Male sterility in plants -- Genetic aspects Phenotype Wheat -- Yields Wheat -- Genetics -- Technological innovations Marker-assisted selection UCTD Holster, Keshia Joan Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title | Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title_full | Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title_fullStr | Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title_short | Utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield-related traits to improve wheat pre-breeding |
| title_sort | utilising high throughput markers and identification of yield related traits to improve wheat pre breeding |
| topic | Wheat -- Breeding Wheat -- Genetic engineering Male sterility in plants -- Genetic aspects Phenotype Wheat -- Yields Wheat -- Genetics -- Technological innovations Marker-assisted selection UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132440 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT holsterkeshiajoan utilisinghighthroughputmarkersandidentificationofyieldrelatedtraitstoimprovewheatprebreeding |