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A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
Schmidt, F. 2025. A Blockchain-based Concept for Generating Asset-related Services for Supply Chain Events Based on on- and off-chain Data. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/e766c97c-7a9b-4510-ab39-034c5861bca1
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867614110488723456 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael |
| author2 | Louw, Louis |
| author_browse | Louw, Louis Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael |
| author_facet | Louw, Louis Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael |
| author_sort | Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Schmidt, F. 2025. A Blockchain-based Concept for Generating Asset-related Services for Supply Chain Events Based on on- and off-chain Data. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/e766c97c-7a9b-4510-ab39-034c5861bca1 |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132447 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:46:49.940Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132447 A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael Louw, Louis Palm, Daniel Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Industrial Engineering. Blockchains (Databases) Supply chain management Enterprise resource planning UCTD Schmidt, F. 2025. A Blockchain-based Concept for Generating Asset-related Services for Supply Chain Events Based on on- and off-chain Data. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/e766c97c-7a9b-4510-ab39-034c5861bca1 Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two results of globalisation are the evolution from linear supply chains to complex, interconnected supply networks and increasing demands that require more transparency and traceability. Traditional supply chain management solutions need more flexibility, scalability and data management to address these increasing demands. Blockchain technology provides transparency, immutability and decentralisation and is a promising way to improve supply chain operations. Existing blockchain-based solutions are often domain-specific and rely heavily on on-chain data storage, leading to scalability issues and integration problems with legacy systems. This research aims to develop a multipurpose blockchainbased concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on-chain and off-chain data. The primary research question is: How can a multipurpose concept for generating assetrelated services as a decentralised application, handling supply chain events and hybrid on- and off-chain data, be developed? This research addresses four sub-research questions focusing on conceptual requirements: limitations of existing solutions; capabilities of a hybrid service layer; and methods for storing and accessing on- and off-chain data. To answer these questions, the research uses the Design Science Research methodology. The semi-structured literature review and ten industry expert interviews provide foundational knowledge about state-of-the-art concepts, requirements and limitations. Based on the gathered insights, the concept developed includes a service layer that connects blockchain technology with off-chain data systems, using cryptographic hashing and permissioned Distributed Hash Tables. Prototyping and two real-world scenarios evaluate the proposed concept that addresses demands in interconnected supply networks: tracking CO₂ footprint and documenting legal properties of assets. The scenarios evaluate whether the concept can handle different supply chain events, multiple stakeholders, the generation of asset related services, and the integration of off-chain data. The results demonstrate that the concept enables users to generate asset-related services while validating the integrity of off-chain data. Moreover, the research suggests that blockchain with off-chain data systems in a dynamic supply network can partially overcome limitations of existing solutions; since the concept allows for secure and transparent generation of asset-related services across dynamic supply networks. However, the research acknowledges limitations, like the need for conceptual adjustments to address the complexity dilemma, the blockchain oracle problem or legal considerations, shown by the indirect scenario. Recommendations for future research are to make the concept more modular and adaptable to indirect scenarios without changing the hybrid system. A promising approach to address the oracle problem and data privacy concerns in hybrid concepts lies in the development of advanced cryptographic solutions like the zk-SNARKs. Further research should investigate possible user experience simplifications and legal alignment. Moreover, real-world testing across different industries is also recommended to evaluate the concept on a holistic supply network level. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Twee gevolge van globalisering is die evolusie van lineêre voorsieningskettings na komplekse, onderling verbonde voorsieningsnetwerke, en toenemende eise wat meer deursigtigheid en naspeurbaarheid vereis. Tradisionele voorsieningskettingbestuuroplossings het meer buigsaamheid, skaalbaarheid en databestuur nodig om hierdie toenemende eise aan te spreek. Blokketting-tegnologie bied deursigtigheid, onveranderbaarheid en desentralisasie, en is 'n belowende manier om voorsieningskettingoperasies te verbeter. Bestaande blokketting-gebaseerde oplossings is dikwels domeinspesifiek en maak grootliks staat op aan-die-ketting dataopberging, wat lei tot skaalbaarheidskwessies en integrasieprobleme met verouderde stelsels. Hierdie navorsing streef daarna om 'n veeldoelige blokketting-gebaseerde konsep te ontwikkel vir die generering van bateverwante dienste vir voorsieningskettinggebeurtenisse gebaseer op aan-die-ketting en vanaf-die-ketting data. Die primêre navorsingsvraag is: Hoe kan 'n veeldoelige konsep ontwikkel word vir die generering van bateverwante dienste as 'n gedesentraliseerde toepassing, wat voorsieningskettinggebeurtenisse en hibriede aan- en vanaf-die-ketting data hanteer? Hierdie navorsing spreek vier sub-navorsingsvrae aan wat fokus op konseptuele vereistes: beperkings van bestaande oplossings; vermoëns van 'n hibriede dienslaag; en metodes vir die stoor en toegang tot aanen vanaf-die-ketting data. Om hierdie vrae te beantwoord, gebruik die navorsing die Ontwerpwetenskap-navorsingsmetodologie. Die semi-gestruktureerde literatuurstudie en tien industrie-kenneronderhoude verskaf grondliggende kennis oor die mees onlangse konsepte, vereistes en beperkings. Gebaseer op die ingewinde insigte, sluit die ontwikkelde konsep 'n dienslaag in wat blokketting-tegnologie met aan- en vanaf-die-ketting datasisteme verbind, deur gebruik te maak van kriptografiese “hashing” en toestemming-gebaseerde Verspreide “Hash” Tabelle. Prototipering en twee werklike scenario's evalueer die voorgestelde konsep wat voorsieningsnetwerke se vereistes aanspreek: die nasporing van CO₂-voetspoor en die dokumentering van wettige eienskappe van bates. Die scenario's evalueer of die konsep verskillende voorsieningskettinggebeurtenisse, verskeie belanghebbendes, generering van bateverwante dienste en integrasie van vanaf-die-ketting data kan hanteer. Die resultate toon dat die konsep gebruikers in staat stel om bateverwante dienste te genereer terwyl die integriteit van vanaf-die-ketting data gevalideer word. Verder stel die navorsing voor dat blokketting met vanaf-die-ketting datasisteme in 'n dinamiese voorsieningsnetwerk gedeeltelik die beperkings van bestaande oplossings kan oorkom; aangesien die konsep veilige en deursigtige generering van bateverwante dienste oor dinamiese voorsieningsnetwerke moontlik maak. Die navorsing erken egter beperkings, soos die behoefte aan konseptuele aanpassings om die kompleksiteitsdilemma, die blokketting-orakelprobleem, of wetlike oorwegings aan te spreek, wat deur die indirekte scenario geïllustreer word. Aanbevelings vir toekomstige navorsing sluit in om die konsep meer modulêr en aanpasbaar te maak vir indirekte scenario's sonder om die hibriede stelsel te verander. 'n Belowende benadering om die orakelprobleem en dataprivaatheidskwessies in hibriede konsepte aan te spreek, lê in die ontwikkeling van gevorderde kriptografiese oplossings soos die zk-SNARKs. Verdere navorsing behoort moontlike vereenvoudigings vir gebruikerservaring en wettige belyning te ondersoek. Verder word werklike toetse oor verskillende bedrywe ook aanbeveel om die konsep op 'n holistiese voorsieningsnetwerkvlak te evalueer. Masters 2025-06-09T06:49:01Z 2025-06-09T06:49:01Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132447 en Stellenbosch University xv, 173 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Blockchains (Databases) Supply chain management Enterprise resource planning UCTD Schmidt, Felix Hilmar Michael A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data |
| title | A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
|
| title_full | A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
|
| title_fullStr | A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
|
| title_full_unstemmed | A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
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| title_short | A blockchain-based concept for generating asset-related services for supply chain events based on on- and off-chain data
|
| title_sort | blockchain based concept for generating asset related services for supply chain events based on on and off chain data |
| topic | Blockchains (Databases) Supply chain management Enterprise resource planning UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132447 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT schmidtfelixhilmarmichael ablockchainbasedconceptforgeneratingassetrelatedservicesforsupplychaineventsbasedononandoffchaindata AT schmidtfelixhilmarmichael blockchainbasedconceptforgeneratingassetrelatedservicesforsupplychaineventsbasedononandoffchaindata |