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Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle
Raats, D. J. 2025. Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/50935042-7304-4f84-8cd8-0d083bc0dc52
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613877817049088 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Raats, Daniel James |
| author2 | Venter, Gerhard |
| author_browse | Raats, Daniel James Venter, Gerhard |
| author_facet | Venter, Gerhard Raats, Daniel James |
| author_sort | Raats, Daniel James |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Raats, D. J. 2025. Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/50935042-7304-4f84-8cd8-0d083bc0dc52 |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132487 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:08.148Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132487 Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle Raats, Daniel James Venter, Gerhard Bredell, Johann Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering. Buses, Electric -- Technological innovations Rollover vehicle accidents Electric vehicles -- Safety measures UCTD Raats, D. J. 2025. Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/50935042-7304-4f84-8cd8-0d083bc0dc52 Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the electric conversion of a large passenger vehicle, in which the internal combustion engine and associated components were replaced by electric powertrain components. As this will have an influence on the rollover safety performance of the vehicle, compliance to the requirements of UN ECE Regulation No.66 was assessed. The vehicle geometry and mass (10 660 kg) was obtained through physical inspections and measurements. The location of the centre of gravity was estimated using a representative CAD model, with the vertical height calculated as 1 195 mm. A nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis was conducted to quantify the energy absorption capability of a rollover hoop. This value was calculated as 5.35 kJ for a single rollover hoop and 64.20 kJ for the complete superstructure. The FE model, validated by experimental quasi-static loading tests, predicted the energy absorption with a 5.31% accuracy. The rollover safety performance of the electric converted vehicle with various battery pack configurations was assessed. The results indicated that of the various proposed configurations, with vehicle masses from 10 635 kg to 11 670 kg and centre of gravity heights from 1 148mm to 1 205 mm, only three of the configurations satisfied the regulatory requirements. These configurations exhibited marginal compliance, with excess energy capacities ranging from 0.27 kJ (0.4 %) to 1.28 kJ (2 %). The findings therefore suggest that when performing an electric conversion, careful consideration of the battery placement is required. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: passasiersvoertuig, waarvan die binnebrandenjin en gepaardgaande komponente deur elektriese aandrywing vervang word. Aangesien die ombouing ’n invloed op die omrol veiligheid van die voertuig sal hê, is voldoening aan die UN ECE Regulasie No.66 vereistes geëvalueer. Die voertuig geometrie en massa (10 660 kg) is deur fisiese inspeksie en metings verkry. Die posisie van die massamiddelpunt was beraam deur rekenaargesteunde ontwerp (RGO), met die vertikale hoogte bereken as 1 195 mm. ’n Nie-lineêr eindige element (EE) analise is uitgevoer om die energie-absorpsievermoë van ’n omrolhoepel te kwantifiseer. Die waarde is bereken as 5.35 kJ vir ’n enkele omrolhoepel en 64.20 kJ vir die volledige bo-struktuur. Die EE-model, gevalideer met eksperimentele kwasi-statiese lastoetse, het die energie-absorpsie met ’n akkuraatheid van 5.31% voorspel. Die omrol veiligheid van die elektriese omgeboude voertuig met verskeie batterypakkonfigurasies was ook bestudeer. Die resultate het aangedui dat van die verskeie voorgestelde konfigurasies, met voertuigmassas van 10 635 kg tot 11 670 kg en massamiddelpunt hoogtes van 1 148mm tot 1 205 mm, het net drie konfigurasies aan die regulatoriese vereistes voldoen. Hierdie konfigurasies het marginale voldoening getoon, met oortollige energiekapasiteite wat gewissel het van 0.27 kJ (0.4 %) tot 1.28 kJ (2 %). Die bevindinge dui dus daarop dat wanneer ’n elektriese ombouing uitgevoer word, noukeurige oorweging aan die plasing van batterye gegee moet word. Masters 2025-06-09T14:03:50Z 2025-06-09T14:03:50Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132487 en Stellenbosch University xiii, 89 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Buses, Electric -- Technological innovations Rollover vehicle accidents Electric vehicles -- Safety measures UCTD Raats, Daniel James Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title | Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title_full | Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title_fullStr | Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title_short | Influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| title_sort | influence of electric conversion on the rollover safety of a large passenger vehicle |
| topic | Buses, Electric -- Technological innovations Rollover vehicle accidents Electric vehicles -- Safety measures UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132487 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raatsdanieljames influenceofelectricconversionontherolloversafetyofalargepassengervehicle |