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Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2025.
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867614099363332096 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Kyei, Emmanuel |
| author2 | Otchere, Isaac |
| author_browse | Kyei, Emmanuel Otchere, Isaac |
| author_facet | Otchere, Isaac Kyei, Emmanuel |
| author_sort | Kyei, Emmanuel |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description |
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132607 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:46:39.009Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/132607 Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis Kyei, Emmanuel Otchere, Isaac Graham, Michael Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. School of Public Leadership. Money laundering -- Law and legislation -- Ghana Money laundering -- Prevention -- Ghana Liquidity (Economics) -- Ghana Banks and banking, Cooperative -- Ghana UCTD Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. Kyei, E. 2025. Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana. A panel threshold analysis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/dfddab66-d6ac-4980-9503-fe1c3f73b346 ENGLISH SUMMARY: This dissertation comprises three interrelated papers investigating the impact of anti-money laundering (AML) regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana using a panel data for the period 2012-2022. The first chapter examines the effects of AML regulations on the stability of banks in Ghana through an empirical panel threshold analysis. The study utilized the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), Hansen’s (2000) panel threshold regression and the dynamic panel threshold regression for data estimation. The GMM results revealed a positive and significant influence of AML regulations on bank stability in Ghana. The panel threshold analysis for the entire sample indicated that AML regulations positively impact bank stability below a specific threshold value, while exhibiting a negative effect above this threshold. In the second chapter, the study examined the effect of AML regulations on financial inclusion using the Prais Winsten estimation technique and the Hansen’s (2000) panel threshold regression. The findings highlighted a positive impact of AML regulations on depositors in commercial banks, while AML regulation has a negative effect on ATMs per thousand people, borrowing from commercial banks, and the number of bank branches. With the composite index of financial inclusion, the results revealed that AML regulation has a positive effect on financial inclusion. The threshold analysis indicated that AML regulation significantly enhanced financial inclusion below a certain threshold value, with adverse effects observed above this threshold. The third chapter examines the moderating role of AML regulations on the relationship between financial sector liquidity and bank stability. The results indicate that AML regulation played a significant moderating role on the relationship between liquidity and bank stability. The result also shows that below a threshold value of AML regulation, liquidity has a positive and significant effect on banks stability, however, a negative result was observed above this threshold value. The threshold analysis also shows that below the threshold value of AML regulation, liquidity has a positive effect on stability of banks, however, above a certain threshold value of AML regulations, liquidity hurts the stability of banks in Ghana. Policymakers should ensure AML regulatory intensity remains below the threshold of 5.431 to enhance financial stability and inclusion while minimizing adverse effects. Efforts should promote digital banking and financial literacy to offset the negative impacts on ATMs, bank branches, and credit access. Additionally, regular assessments of AML policies and tailored measures for different financial institutions are essential to balance compliance requirements with financial sector growth. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar. Doctoral 2025-06-11T13:04:01Z 2025-06-11T13:04:01Z 2025-03 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132607 Stellenbosch University x, 184 pages application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Money laundering -- Law and legislation -- Ghana Money laundering -- Prevention -- Ghana Liquidity (Economics) -- Ghana Banks and banking, Cooperative -- Ghana UCTD Kyei, Emmanuel Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title | Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title_full | Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title_fullStr | Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title_short | Effect of anti-money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in Ghana : a panel threshold analysis |
| title_sort | effect of anti money laundering regulations and liquidity on stability of banks and financial inclusion in ghana a panel threshold analysis |
| topic | Money laundering -- Law and legislation -- Ghana Money laundering -- Prevention -- Ghana Liquidity (Economics) -- Ghana Banks and banking, Cooperative -- Ghana UCTD |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/132607 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kyeiemmanuel effectofantimoneylaunderingregulationsandliquidityonstabilityofbanksandfinancialinclusioninghanaapanelthresholdanalysis |