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The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2025.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613929311567872 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Bester, Sune Venicia |
| author2 | Skosana, Bongekile |
| author_browse | Bester, Sune Venicia Skosana, Bongekile |
| author_facet | Skosana, Bongekile Bester, Sune Venicia |
| author_sort | Bester, Sune Venicia |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/134521 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:57.159Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/134521 The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study Bester, Sune Venicia Skosana, Bongekile Sadie-Van Gijsen, Hanel Windvogel, Shantal Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Biomedical Sciences. Division of Medical Physiology. Antipsychotic drugs -- Side effects Olanzapine Metabolism -- Disorders Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2025. Bester, S. V. 2025. The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: A comparative study. Unpublished masters thesis. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University [online]. Available: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/7af91138-7b6e-4191-b6e9-d7aaf3249922 ENGLISH ABSTRACT: High-sugar diet (HSD) and antipsychotic drugs have been implicated in male and female infertility. Moreover, HSDs and certain antipsychotics lead to metabolic dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of an HSD, the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine (OLZ), and their combined effect on metabolic and reproductive function in adult Wistar rats. Male (n = 48; 8 weeks old; ±230 g) and female (n = 48; 8 weeks old; ±200 g) rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control, OLZ, HSD, and HSD + OLZ. The rats had ad libitum access to food and water, and OLZ (1.5 mg/kg body weight) was administered once daily. After 12 weeks of intervention, the rats were euthanized via intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbitone (200 mg/kg body weight). Body weights and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were recorded, and blood samples were collected for insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and hormone (testosterone and estradiol) analysis. Vaginal smears, ovaries, and uteri were collected for estrous staging and ovarian reserve, respectively, in females, and sperm was extracted from the epididymis for the measurement of sperm parameters (motility, viability, and morphology). The testes were collected, and subsequent antioxidant analyses (catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde levels) were performed on the testes. These antioxidant analyses were also performed on the ovaries. Male and female rats exhibited distinct metabolic and reproductive responses to the interventions. In males, the HSD combined with OLZ had the most prominent effects, including lower total cholesterol, higher total triglyceride levels. Additionally, decreased testicular and epididymal weights, impaired sperm morphology and motility, and decreased SOD activity were observed. In females, the HSD combined with OLZ resulted in increased insulin levels and insulin resistance, together with reduced ovarian and uterine weights and altered ovarian follicle distribution, indicating impaired folliculogenesis and ovulation. Finally, estrous cycle staging was achieved using vaginal cytology, serum estradiol measurements, uterine histology, and ovarian follicle analysis. Vaginal cytology was deemed the most reliable and practical method for estrous staging. Ultimately, our study provides insight into the detrimental sex-specific reproductive and metabolic side effects of an HSD and OLZ treatment and highlights the importance of including both sexes in biomedical research. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar. Masters 2025-12-12T06:51:37Z 2025-12-12T06:51:37Z 2025-12 Thesis https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/134521 en Stellenbosch University xviii, 190 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Antipsychotic drugs -- Side effects Olanzapine Metabolism -- Disorders Bester, Sune Venicia The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title | The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title_full | The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title_fullStr | The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title_short | The effects of the antipsychotic drug Olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high-sugar diet: a comparative study |
| title_sort | effects of the antipsychotic drug olanzapine on male and female rat reproductive systems against a background of a high sugar diet a comparative study |
| topic | Antipsychotic drugs -- Side effects Olanzapine Metabolism -- Disorders |
| url | https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/134521 |
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