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The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae), vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa
Thesis (PhD (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2008
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| _version_ | 1867613840557998080 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Mgocheki, Nyembezi |
| author2 | Addison, Pia |
| author_browse | Addison, Pia Mgocheki, Nyembezi |
| author_facet | Addison, Pia Mgocheki, Nyembezi |
| author_sort | Mgocheki, Nyembezi |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (PhD (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/1488 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:42:31.964Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateRange | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/1488 The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae), vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa Mgocheki, Nyembezi Addison, Pia Pringle, K. L. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Conservation Ecology and Entomology. Ants Vine mealybugs Vineyards -- Western Cape Pesticides Biological control Dissertations -- Conservation ecology and entomology Theses -- Conservation ecology and entomology Thesis (PhD (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. The mutual association between honeydew foraging ants and vine mealybugs in vineyards is detrimental to the biological control of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret). This study investigated the relationship between ants, vine mealybugs and their parasitoids to improve biological control of the vine mealybug. The investigation was carried out during two consecutive growing seasons (2005-2006 and 2006-2007) in two major wine grape growing areas of the Western Cape Province, Simondium (two farms) and Breede River Valley (one farm). A presence – absence cluster sampling system was used on a biweekly basis throughout both growing seasons from October to February on each of the farms. Additionally, yellow delta traps with vine mealybug pheromone, were used to catch parasitoids in vineyards. Prior to harvest, economic damage to grape bunches was assessed using a 0-3 damage rating index. Three ant species, Anoplolepis steingroeveri (Forel), Crematogaster peringueyi Emery and Linepithema humile (Mayr) foraged mainly on vine stems during both seasons, relative to other plant parts. Vine mealybugs of all stages were found on all sampling dates. Three species of primary parasitoids attacked the vine mealybug, including Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (Girault), Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Timberlake) and Leptomastix dactylopii Howard. Bunch damage was significantly different between seasons in the Breede River Valley but not in Simondium. There was a negative linear relationship between ants and parasitoid activity in all vineyards. Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs (SADIE) was used to analyse spatial distribution of ants and parasitoids and ArcView, with its extension, Spatial Analyst, were used to map the gap, patch and local association indices where significant association and disassociation occurred. A significant association was found between C. peringueyi and parasitoids and L. humile and parasitoids. There was a significant disassociation between L. humile and C. peringueyi and between A. steingroeveri and C. peringueyi indicating interspecific hostility. Doctoral 2008-10-15T13:50:10Z 2010-06-01T08:22:56Z 2008-10-15T13:50:10Z 2010-06-01T08:22:56Z 2008-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1488 en Stellenbosch University application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Ants Vine mealybugs Vineyards -- Western Cape Pesticides Biological control Dissertations -- Conservation ecology and entomology Theses -- Conservation ecology and entomology Mgocheki, Nyembezi The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae), vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title | The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae),
vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids
in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title_full | The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae),
vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids
in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae),
vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids
in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae),
vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids
in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title_short | The relationship between ants (Hymenoptera: formicidae),
vine mealybug (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and parasitoids
in vineyards of the Western Cape Province, South Africa |
| title_sort | relationship between ants hymenoptera formicidae vine mealybug hemiptera pseudococcidae and parasitoids in vineyards of the western cape province south africa |
| topic | Ants Vine mealybugs Vineyards -- Western Cape Pesticides Biological control Dissertations -- Conservation ecology and entomology Theses -- Conservation ecology and entomology |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1488 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mgochekinyembezi therelationshipbetweenantshymenopteraformicidaevinemealybughemipterapseudococcidaeandparasitoidsinvineyardsofthewesterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT mgochekinyembezi relationshipbetweenantshymenopteraformicidaevinemealybughemipterapseudococcidaeandparasitoidsinvineyardsofthewesterncapeprovincesouthafrica |