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Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation
Thesis (MSc (Microbiology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2008
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| _version_ | 1867614008074305536 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Du Plessis, Lisa |
| author2 | Van Zyl, Willem Heber |
| author_browse | Du Plessis, Lisa Van Zyl, Willem Heber |
| author_facet | Van Zyl, Willem Heber Du Plessis, Lisa |
| author_sort | Du Plessis, Lisa |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MSc (Microbiology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/1577 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:45:11.659Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateRange | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/1577 Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation Du Plessis, Lisa Van Zyl, Willem Heber Rose, Shuanita Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Science. Dept. of Microbiology. Cellulose Bioethanol Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trichoderma reesei Dissertations -- Microbiology Theses -- Microbiology Microbiology Thesis (MSc (Microbiology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. Complete degradation of cellulose produces mainly glucose, which can be fermented to ethanol. Therefore cellulose presents an abundant renewable energy resource for the production of an alternative, environmentally friendly, transportation fuel. Enzymatic degradation of cellulose is achieved by the synergistic action of three cellulase enzyme groups: endoglucanases, exoglucanases and -glucosidases. However, cellulolytic organisms do not produce significant amounts of ethanol. Therefore, a need has arisen to develop a recombinant microorganism with the ability to produce cellulolytic enzymes, hydrolyze cellulose and ferment the resulting sugars to ethanol in a single process step, referred to as “Consolidated Bioprocessing” (CBP). This would provide a cost-effective, economically feasible strategy for the production of bioethanol. The naturally fermentative yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is often used as host for the expression of recombinant proteins due to several characteristics, including its robustness in industrial processes, the well developed genetic tools available for manipulation and its proven safety status. A number of cellulase genes have previously been successfully expressed by recombinant S. cerevisiae strains. In this study, all three components of the cellulase system were co-expressed in S. cerevisiae to test the ability of the yeast to effectively produce the heterologous proteins, and consequently produce enough glucose for growth on an amorphous cellulosic substrate. The Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase gene egII (Cel5A) was successfully expressed by a S. cerevisiae Y294 strain. Recombinant EGII displayed activities of 19.6 nkat.ml-1 and 22.3 nkat.ml-1 towards CMC and barley -glucan, respectively. The major endoglucanase gene, egI (Cel7B) from T. reesei was subjected to random mutagenesis by propagating the egI-containing plasmid in an E. coli mismatch repair deficient strain. Screening of S. cerevisiae transformants revealed a strain, S. cerevisiae Y294[pLEM1], with improved levels of endoglucanase activity (21.8 nkat.ml-1), compared to S. cerevisiae Y294[pAZ40], expressing the wild type gene (10.3 nkat.ml-1). Through subcloning of the mutated ENO1 promoter region and the mutated egI gene fragment, it was established that the mutations located in both the promoter- and gene sequences were responsible for the improved levels of activity displayed by S. cerevisiae Y294[pLEM1]. The egII gene and the altered egI gene were co-expressed with a codon optimised T. reesei cellobiohydrolase (sCBHI) and a -glucosidase from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera. This resulted in a reduction in endoglucanase levels, possibly due to the metabolic burden placed on the yeast by co-expressing the different cellulases. The hydrolysis products produced by cellulase co-expressing strains were cellotriose, cellobiose and glucose, although the glucose yield was insufficient to enable growth on cellulose as sole carbon source. As the major hydrolysis product was cellobiose, it is likely that a bottleneck exists at its conversion to glucose, suggesting inadequate -glucosidase activity. This study has provided insight into co-expression of cellulase enzymes by the yeast S. cerevisiae. The knowledge obtained could be applied in optimizing cellulase cocktails for efficient cellulose degradation and eventual production of ethanol by recombinant yeast. It has also demonstrated the applicability of random mutagenesis for improving the activity of cellulases. 2008-11-20T08:16:59Z 2010-06-01T08:27:45Z 2008-11-20T08:16:59Z 2010-06-01T08:27:45Z 2008-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1577 en Stellenbosch University application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Cellulose Bioethanol Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trichoderma reesei Dissertations -- Microbiology Theses -- Microbiology Microbiology Du Plessis, Lisa Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title | Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title_full | Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title_fullStr | Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title_short | Co-expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| title_sort | co expression of cellulase genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulose degradation |
| topic | Cellulose Bioethanol Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trichoderma reesei Dissertations -- Microbiology Theses -- Microbiology Microbiology |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1577 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT duplessislisa coexpressionofcellulasegenesinsaccharomycescerevisiaeforcellulosedegradation |