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What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual

Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.

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Main Author: Mhlahlo, Andile P.
Other Authors: Van der Waal, C. S.
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch 2009
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access_status_str Open Access
author Mhlahlo, Andile P.
author2 Van der Waal, C. S.
author_browse Mhlahlo, Andile P.
Van der Waal, C. S.
author_facet Van der Waal, C. S.
Mhlahlo, Andile P.
author_sort Mhlahlo, Andile P.
collection Thesis
dc_rights_str_mv University of Stellenbosch
description Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
format Thesis
id oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/2699
institution Stellenbosch University (South Africa)
language English
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:41:31.332Z
license_str Other — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository
publishDate 2009
publishDateRange 2009
publishDateSort 2009
publisher Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch
publisherStr Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch
record_format dspace
source_str SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository
spelling oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/2699 What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual Mhlahlo, Andile P. Van der Waal, C. S. University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology. Dissertations -- Sociology and social anthropology Theses -- Sociology and social anthropology Dissertations -- Community and development Theses -- Community and development Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies Circumcision -- South Africa Initiation rites -- South Africa Masculinity Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. The purpose of this thesis is to attempt to understand the concept of manhood in the context of Xhosa-speaking people; and to investigate why it is significant for them to use traditional circumcision in the male initiation ritual. In the context of the research problem, the aim is to understand: i) why traditional circumcision is important in executing this ritual, ii) people’s beliefs about the concept of manhood, iii) how the initiation ritual is practised in the present day, iv) the controversy and debate around the initiation ritual in the Eastern Cape, and v) the role of the government’s policies in regulating this rite. In terms of research design and methodology, I used qualitative research. The sampling method includes non-probability sampling – that is purposive or judgmental sampling. In the research process I utilized individual interviews, focus group interviews, participant observation, and any literature that was relevant to this study. The field research was conducted in Mchubakazi Township in Butterworth, Eastern Cape. As regards the research findings, the following data came out: firstly, manhood refers to belonging to a group of men who live in a certain village. These men are characterised by having undergone the initiation ritual, especially using traditional circumcision. A man who has undergone hospital circumcision is more likely to experience humiliation and disrespect from the orthodox Xhosa-speakers. Their argument in support of this statement is that he is only half a man. Secondly, traditional circumcision is perceived as being significant in this ritual; it is a necessary adventure a male must go through in order to become a man. It is basically an act of courage. It is not necessarily compulsory in the process of transforming a boy into a man, but it is important for his image in the eyes of the community. Thirdly, the initiation ritual of Xhosa-speakers consists of four phases, namely: the ‘entering phase’ (umgeno), the phase of being an initiate (ubukhwetha), the ‘coming out phase’ (umphumo) and the phase of being a graduate (ubukrwala). Masters 2009-03-04T10:16:28Z 2010-06-01T08:55:56Z 2009-03-04T10:16:28Z 2010-06-01T08:55:56Z 2009-03 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2699 en University of Stellenbosch application/pdf Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch
spellingShingle Dissertations -- Sociology and social anthropology
Theses -- Sociology and social anthropology
Dissertations -- Community and development
Theses -- Community and development
Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies
Circumcision -- South Africa
Initiation rites -- South Africa
Masculinity
Mhlahlo, Andile P.
What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title_full What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title_fullStr What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title_full_unstemmed What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title_short What is manhood? : the significance of traditional circumcision in the Xhosa initiation ritual
title_sort what is manhood the significance of traditional circumcision in the xhosa initiation ritual
topic Dissertations -- Sociology and social anthropology
Theses -- Sociology and social anthropology
Dissertations -- Community and development
Theses -- Community and development
Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies
Circumcision -- South Africa
Initiation rites -- South Africa
Masculinity
url http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2699
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