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Self-assembly of new porous materials
Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch
2009
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| _version_ | 1867613975531749376 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Jacobs, Tia |
| author2 | Barbour, Leonard J. |
| author_browse | Barbour, Leonard J. Jacobs, Tia |
| author_facet | Barbour, Leonard J. Jacobs, Tia |
| author_sort | Jacobs, Tia |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | University of Stellenbosch |
| description | Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/3970 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:44:41.084Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateRange | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/3970 Self-assembly of new porous materials Jacobs, Tia Barbour, Leonard J. Bredenkamp, M. W. University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Science. Dept. of Chemistry and Polymer Science. Crystal engineering Porous crystals Porous materials Supramolecular chemistry Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary objective of the work was to prepare and investigate new porous materials using the principles of crystal engineering. Both organic and metal-organic systems were studied and the work can best be divided into two separate sections: 1. The crystal engineering of Dianin’s Compound, a well-known organic host. 2. The design and synthesis of a series of related porous coordination compounds consisting of discrete, dinuclear metallocycles. The first section discusses the synthetic modification of Dianin’s compound in order to engineer a new clathrate host with an altered aperture size. Although this study ultimately failed to isolate the host material in its porous guest-free form, the work led to the discovery of a chiral host framework that aligns guest molecules in a polar fashion, and consequently displays non-linear optical properties. These findings are unprecedented in the long history of crystal engineering of Dianin’s compound and its analogues. This section also describes desorption studies of the new inclusion compound, as well as the known thiol analogue of Dianin’s compound. Systematic characterisation of these desorbed phases has raised interesting fundamental questions about desolvation processes in general. The second section constitutes the major portion of the work. A series of related isostructural coordination metallocycles were synthesised and their structure-property relationships were investigated using a variety of complementary techniques. These metallocyclic compounds all crystallise as solvates in their as-synthesised forms, and different results are obtained upon desolvation of the materials. In each case, desolvation occurs as a single-crystal to single-crystal transformation and three new “seemingly nonporous” porous materials were obtained. A single-crystal diffraction study under various pressures of acetylene and carbon dioxide was conducted for one of the porous metallocycles. This enabled the systematic study of the host deformation with increasing equilibrium pressure (i.e. with increasing guest occupancy). The observed differences in the sorption behaviour for acetylene and carbon dioxide are discussed and rationalised. Gravimetric gas sorption isotherms were also recorded for the three different porous materials and the diffusion of bulkier molecules through the host was also investigated structurally. Finally, a possible gas transport mechanism is postulated for this type of porous material (i.e. seemingly nonporous), and this is supported by thermodynamic and kinetic studies, as well as molecular mechanics and statistical mechanics simulations. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die primêre doel van die werk was om nuwe poreuse materiale te berei en deur die toepassing van beginsels van kristalmanipulasie (E. crystal engineering) te ondersoek. Beide organiese- en metaal-organiese sisteme is bestudeer en die werk kan in twee kategorieë verdeel word: 1. Die kristalmanipulasie van Dianin se verbinding, ’n bekende organiese gasheer. 2. Die ontwerp en sintese van ’n reeks verwante poreuse koördinasieverbindings wat uit diskrete, binukleêre metallosiklieseverbindings bestaan. Die eerste deel handel oor die sintetiese verandering van Dianin se verbinding om ’n nuwe klatraatgasheer met ’n veranderde spleetgrootte te vorm. Alhoewel hierdie studie nie daarin geslaag het om die gasheer in sy poreuse “gas(E. guest)-vrye” vorm te isoleer nie, het die werk ’n nuwe chirale gasheerraamwerk aan die lig gebring. Die chirale gasheerraamwerk rig gas(E. guest)molekules in eendimensionele kolomme op ’n polêre wyse en gevolglik vertoon die materiaal nie-linieêre optiese eienskappe. Hierdie resultaat is ongekend in die lang geskiedenis van kristalmanipulasie van Dianin se verbindings en sy analoë. Hierdie afdeling beskryf ook die desorpsiestudies van die nuwe gasheer, en die tiol-afgeleide van Dianin se verbinding. Die sistematiese karakterisering van hierdie fases na desorpsie het fundamentale vrae na vore gebring oor desorpsieprosesse oor die algmeen. Die tweede afdeling maak die grootste gedeelte van die werk uit. ’n Reeks verwante isostrukturele ringvormige koördinasieverbindings is gesintetiseer en hul struktuureienskap verhoudings is deur ’n verskeidenheid komplementêre tegnieke ondersoek. Hierdie metallosiklieseverbindings kristalliseer almal in gesolveerde toestand vanaf sintese en verskillende resultate word verkry wanneer die verbinding desorpsie ondergaan. In alle gevalle vind gas(E. guest)desorpsie as enkel-kristal na enkel-kristal omsettings plaas en drie nuwe ‘oënskynlik nie-poreuse’ poreuse materiale is bekom. ’n Enkelkristal diffraksiestudie onder verskeie gasdrukke is met asetileen en koolstofdioksied uitgevoer vir een van die poreuse metallosiklieseverbindings. Dit het die geleentheid geskep om die mate waartoe die gasheer as gevolg van verhoogde ewewigsdruk vervorm (en dus toename in gasheerbesetting), sistematies te bestudeer. Die waargenome verskille in sorpsie-optrede vir asetileen en koolstofdioksied word bespreek en verklaar. Gravimetriese gassorpsie isoterme is ook vir die drie poreuse materiale verkry en die diffusie van groter molekules deur die gasheer is struktureel ondersoek. Laastens word ’n moontlike gasoordragmeganisme vir hierdie tipe poreuse (i.e. oënskynlik nie-poreuse) materiale gepostuleer. Hierdie bespreking word deur termodinamiese en kinetiese studies aangevul, sowel as molekulêre-meganika en statisties-meganiese studies. Doctoral 2009-02-10T10:34:16Z 2010-08-13T13:10:32Z 2009-02-10T10:34:16Z 2010-08-13T13:10:32Z 2009-03 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3970 en University of Stellenbosch application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| spellingShingle | Crystal engineering Porous crystals Porous materials Supramolecular chemistry Jacobs, Tia Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title | Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title_full | Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title_fullStr | Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title_short | Self-assembly of new porous materials |
| title_sort | self assembly of new porous materials |
| topic | Crystal engineering Porous crystals Porous materials Supramolecular chemistry |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3970 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jacobstia selfassemblyofnewporousmaterials |