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The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module
Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2012
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| _version_ | 1867614139188248576 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Marais, Pierre Charl |
| author2 | Bradshaw, S. M. |
| author_browse | Bradshaw, S. M. Marais, Pierre Charl |
| author_facet | Bradshaw, S. M. Marais, Pierre Charl |
| author_sort | Marais, Pierre Charl |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/52531 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:47:17.083Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateRange | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/52531 The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module Marais, Pierre Charl Bradshaw, S. M. Jacobs, E. P. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Process Engineering. Membrane separation Ultrafiltration Water -- Purification -- Membrane filtration Dissertations -- Chemical engineering Theses -- Chemical engineering Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The hydrodynamics of a hollow fibre membrane module for the ultrafiltration of potable water were investigated. The purpose was to use a hydrodynamic model to predict the permeate flux for modules of various dimensions. Various models were considered, but most of them could not account for important effects such as macroscopic radial gradients and wet fibre expansion, found in hollow-fibre membrane modules. The Porous Medium Model was found to be a suitable model and it was used together with a finite element software package, Fastflo, to solve for the pressure distributions inside the membrane modules and predict permeate flux. The permeability of the membranes was obtained using a combination of numerical and experimental procedures and was found to be 2.3 x 10-13m. A cost analysis was performed to find the most economical module dimensions (outer diameter and length) for any required product flow rate. It was assumed that the cost of the fibres and module housing comprised the capital cost, while the operating cost consisted of the pumping energy. A capital recovery factor of 0.3 was used to convert capital costs to a yearly cost. It was found that the optimum module dimensions are an outer diameter of between 90mm and 160mm and a length of 0.6m. Finally the pressure distributions on the lumen and shell sides during both cross-flow filtration and backwash were examined. Shade plots proved useful for identifying possible areas of stagnant flow, as well as indicating where backwash is the most effective. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hidrodinamika binne-in 'n holvesel membraanmodule vir die ultrafiltrasie van drinkwater is ondersoek. Die doel was om 'n hidrodinamiese model te gebruik om die permeaatvloed vir modules van verskeie dimensies te voorspel. Verskillende modelle is oorweeg, maar die meeste kon nie belangrike faktore soos makroskopiese radiale drukqradiente of nat veselverlenging in ag neem nie. Die Poreuse Medium Model was die mees geskikte model en is gebruik saam met Fastf/o, 'n sagteware pakket wat gegrond is op die eindige element metode, om vergelykings vir die drukverspreiding binne-in die module op te los en permeaatvloed te voorspel. Die permeabiliteit van die membrane is verkry met behulp van numeriese en eksperimentele prosedures en 'n waarde van 2.3 x 10-13 m is bepaal. Hierna is 'n koste-analise uitgevoer om die mees ekonomiese module afmetings (Iengte en buitedeursnit) te bepaal vir 'n gegewe produk vloeitempo. Daar is aanvaar dat kapitaalkoste bestaan uit die koste van vesels en module-omhulsel, terwyl bedryfskoste bereken is deur die hoeveelheid energie benodig om die pomp aan te dryf. 'n Kapitaalherwinningsfaktor van 0.3 is gebruik om kapitaalkoste om te skakel na 'n jaarlikse koste. Die optimum module afmetings is 'n lengte van 0.6m en 'n buite-deursnit van tussen 90mm en 160mm. Laastens is die drukverspreidings tydens beide kruisvloeifiltrasie en die terugspoelproses ondersoek. Areas van stagnante vloei kan deur middel van skadu-grafieke geYdentifiseer word, terwyl dit ook moontlik is om die terugspoelproses te optimeer. Masters 2012-08-27T11:35:02Z 2012-08-27T11:35:02Z 2001-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52531 en_ZA Stellenbosch University 141 p. : ill. application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Membrane separation Ultrafiltration Water -- Purification -- Membrane filtration Dissertations -- Chemical engineering Theses -- Chemical engineering Marais, Pierre Charl The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title | The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title_full | The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title_fullStr | The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title_full_unstemmed | The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title_short | The hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial-flow membrane module |
| title_sort | hydrodynamic characterisation of an axial flow membrane module |
| topic | Membrane separation Ultrafiltration Water -- Purification -- Membrane filtration Dissertations -- Chemical engineering Theses -- Chemical engineering |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52531 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maraispierrecharl thehydrodynamiccharacterisationofanaxialflowmembranemodule AT maraispierrecharl hydrodynamiccharacterisationofanaxialflowmembranemodule |