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Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel
Tesis (M. Ing.) -- Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1990.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | Afrikaans |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2012
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| _version_ | 1867614080605356033 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Du Toit, Charl Francois |
| author2 | Knoetze, J. H. |
| author_browse | Du Toit, Charl Francois Knoetze, J. H. |
| author_facet | Knoetze, J. H. Du Toit, Charl Francois |
| author_sort | Du Toit, Charl Francois |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Tesis (M. Ing.) -- Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1990. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/57752 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | Afrikaans |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:46:21.556Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateRange | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/57752 Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel Du Toit, Charl Francois Knoetze, J. H. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Chemical Engineering. Rockets (Aeronautics) -- Fuel Liquid propellants Hydrazine Dissertations -- Engineering Tesis (M. Ing.) -- Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1990. This study consisted of a literature survey into the preparation of anhydrous hydrazine and the preparation thereof in two different ways on laboratory scale. The literature survey supplied the necessary background for the estab-lishment of the technology for the preparation of anhydrous hydrazine and the experimental work proved that it can be produced in South Africa in at least a monopropellant grade purity. Anhydrous hydrazine of up to 99.8% purity was prepared from hydrazine hydrate by first precipitating hydrazine as hydrazine monosulphate followed by ammonolysis of the salt with liquid ammonia. It was found that hydrazine can quantitatively be precipitated in a sulfuric acid solution as a white salt of high purity. Anhydrous hydrazine was prepared in yields of up to 75% by ammonolysis of the salt in a modified Soxhlet extractor. Azeotropic distillation of mixtures of hydrazine and water with aniline successfully concentrated the hydrazine mixtures past the azeotropic composi-tion and anhydrous hydrazine that met the military specification for a monopro-pellant, was produced. A factorial experiment with batch distillations indicated that the higher column height and higher reflux ratio is the better operating conditions for the azeotropic distillation. Although the experiment indicates that better results is obtained with a higher initial water content in the charge (about 20% by mass), a lower percentage of the charged hydrazine is obtained as product and the large quantity of water that must be distilled, makes the distillation more expensive. The better feed composition was therefore found to be: 70% aniline, 10% water and 20% hydrazine. A packed glass column with an internal diameter of 32 mm and a length of 1 m was used for the distillation experiments. In a typical distillation, between 60% and 90% of the water could be removed as the aniline-water azeotrope. The hydrazine rich bottom fraction could then be distilled to give anhydrous hydrazine as distillate. The composition of this product was analyzed as less than 0.05% aniline and between 99% and 100% hydrazine. It was accepted that the only other component in the product was water. In order to expand hydrazine thruster technology in South Africa, the effort to bring as much relevant literature in this field into the country, must continue and the experimental work that was done must be carried on to gain more reliable design data for the continuous distillation process. Valuable information on vapour-liquid equilibrium data can be gained and the best operating conditions can be determined if a process design and sensitivity analysis is done with the design program PROCESS. It contains all three components for the azeotropic distillation in its database and can therefore generate reliable vapour-liquid equilibrium data for the system. Masters 2012-08-27T11:38:38Z 2012-08-27T11:38:38Z 1990 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/57752 af Stellenbosch University 361 pages : ill. Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Rockets (Aeronautics) -- Fuel Liquid propellants Hydrazine Dissertations -- Engineering Du Toit, Charl Francois Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title | Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title_full | Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title_fullStr | Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title_short | Die bereiding en suiwering van 'n monodryfmiddel |
| title_sort | die bereiding en suiwering van n monodryfmiddel |
| topic | Rockets (Aeronautics) -- Fuel Liquid propellants Hydrazine Dissertations -- Engineering |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/57752 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dutoitcharlfrancois diebereidingensuiweringvannmonodryfmiddel |