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Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2015
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| _version_ | 1867613882732773376 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Beukes, Dillan Charles |
| author2 | Nell, Theo A. |
| author_browse | Beukes, Dillan Charles Nell, Theo A. |
| author_facet | Nell, Theo A. Beukes, Dillan Charles |
| author_sort | Beukes, Dillan Charles |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/95752 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:43:12.690Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateRange | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/95752 Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province Beukes, Dillan Charles Nell, Theo A. Essop, M. Faadiel Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Science. Dept. of Physiological Sciences. Anthropometry UCTD Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) HIV-positive persons -- Medical care Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has extended life expectancy and enhanced the well-being of HIVpositive individuals. Since there are concerns regarding HAART-mediated onset of cardio-metabolic diseases in the long-term, we evaluated the anthropometric profile of HIV-infected individuals in the Drakenstein District (Western Cape, South Africa). - Objective of study - The primary objective of this study was to document the anthropometric characteristics within and HIV infected population in the Drakenstein region of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. - Methods - HIV-positive patients (n=44 males, n=102 females; 20-40 yrs.) were recruited for three groups: 1) control (HIVnaïve), 2) HIV-positive (HAART ≤ 0-36 months), and 3) HIV-positive (HAART ≥ 36 months). Participants underwent a) anthropometric (triceps skin fold [TSF], and b) bioelectrical impedance measurements (body cell mass [BCM], fat free mass [FFM], protein, muscle mass (MM), mineral, total body potassium (TBK) and calcium (TBCa), glycogen, and fat mass [FM]). - Results - Our data reveal that HIV-positive males on HAART ≤ 0-36 months displayed a trend for lower body cell mass (BCM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), triceps skinfold (TSF) and protein content (vs. control). Females exhibited reduced BCM (p=0.001) and lower protein (p=0.003), muscle mass (p=0.001), glycogen (p=0.001), FM (p=0.0005) and FFM (p=0.002) content. However, with longer-term treatment (HAART ≥ 36 months), females displayed higher BCM (p=0.0001), protein (p=0.01), muscle mass (p=0.0003), glycogen (p=0.0001), FM (p=0.00003) and FFM (p=0.0002) vs. the 0-36 months treatment group. Their waist-to-hip ratio also increased vs. the naïve female group (p=0.02). By contrast, males on HAART ≥ 36 months did not show any significant increases vs. the HAART ≤ 0-36 month’s group. - Conclusions - This study demonstrates observed striking gender-based anthropometric differences in South African HIVpositive individuals on HAART. While both genders initially exhibit muscle wasting, HIV-positive females show a strong improvement with longer-term treatment vs. males. However, higher abdominal fat accumulation in females with longer-term treatment potentially increases their risk for the future onset of cardio-metabolic complications. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond - Hoogs-aktiewe anti-retrovirale terapie (HAART) het beide die lewensverwagting en lewenskwaliteit van MIVpositiewe individue verhoog. Omrede daar kommer uitgepsreek is oor die HAART gemedieerde aanvang van kardio-metaboliese siekte oor die langtermyn, het ons die antropometriese profile van MIV geïnfekteerde individue in die Drakenstein Distrik (Wes-Kaap Provinsie, Suid Afrika) ondersoek. - Doel van die studie - Die primêre doel van die studie was om die antropometriese eienskappe van ‘n MIV-geïnfekteerde populasie in die Drakenstein omgewing van die Wes-Kaap Provinsie van Suid Afrika te ondersoek. Daar is ook verder gepoog om die verwantskap hiermee met die risiko vir kardiometaboliese siekte te probeer vastel. - Metodes - MIV-positiewe pasiënte (n=44 mans, n=102 vroue; 20-40 jr.) is gewerf in drie groepe: 1) kontrole (HIV-naïef), 2) MIV-positief (HAART ≤ 0-36 maande), en 3) MIV-positiewe (HAART ≥ 36 maande). Deelnemers het a) antropometriese evaluering ondergaan (trisepsvelvou [TVV], en b) bio-elektriese impedansie metings (liggaamselmassa [LSM], vetvrye massa [VVM], proteïen, spiermassa (SM), minerale, totale liggaamkalium (TLK), en kalsium (TLCa), glikogeen, en vetmassa [VM]). - Resultate - Ons data toon aan dat MIV-positiewe mans op HAART ≤ 0-36 maande ‘n laer neiging tot LSM, VVM, VM, TVV en proteïeninhoud het vergeleke met die kontrole. Vroue het ‘n verlaagde LSM opgelewer (p=0.001) sowel laer proteïen (p=0.003), spiermassa (p=0.001), glikogeen (p=0.001), VM (p=0.0005) en VVM (p=0.002). Hoewel, met lang-termyn behandeling (HAART ≥ 36 maande), het vroue ‘n hoër LSM (p=0.0001), proteïen (p=0.01), spiermassa (p=0.0003), glikogeen (p=0.0001), VM (p=0.00003) en VVM (p=0.0002) opgelewer vs. die 0-36 maande behandelingsgroep. Hulle middel:heup verhouding het ook betekenisvol verhoog vs. die kontrole vroue groep (p=0.02). Kontrasterend het die mans op HAART ≥ 36 maande geen betekenisvolle toenames vs. die HAART ≤ 0-36 maande groep opgelewer nie. - Gevolgtrekking - Hierdie studie demonstreer treffende geslagsgebaseerde antropometriese verskille in n Suid Afrikaanse HIVpositiewe populasie wat op HAART is. Terwyl beide geslagte aanvanglik spierwegkwyning vertoon het, het die MIV positiewe vroue ‘n goeie verbetering met lang-termyn behandeling vs die mans opgelewer. Alhoewel daar hoër abdominale vetophoping in die vroue waargeneem is wat op langtermynbehandeling is, kan dit hulle risiko vir toekomistige aanvang van kardio-metaboliese siekte komplikasies verhoog. 2015-01-13T11:46:36Z 2014-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95752 en_ZA Stellenbosch University 116 pages : illustrations application/pdf application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Anthropometry UCTD Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) HIV-positive persons -- Medical care Beukes, Dillan Charles Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title | Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title_full | Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title_fullStr | Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title_short | Anthropometric characteristics and changes with HIV and ART in a randomly selected population in the Drakenstein region Western Cape Province |
| title_sort | anthropometric characteristics and changes with hiv and art in a randomly selected population in the drakenstein region western cape province |
| topic | Anthropometry UCTD Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) HIV-positive persons -- Medical care |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95752 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT beukesdillancharles anthropometriccharacteristicsandchangeswithhivandartinarandomlyselectedpopulationinthedrakensteinregionwesterncapeprovince |