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The effect of Ephedra foeminea on human bone osteosarcoma U2OS cell viability and migration
Although advancement has been made in the development of cancer treatments, contemporary treatments still present significant challenges such as low effectiveness and adverse side effects. There is thus a critical need to continuously develop new and more effective drugs against cancer. Herbal plant...
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AUC Knowledge Fountain
2019
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| Summary: | Although advancement has been made in the development of cancer treatments, contemporary treatments still present significant challenges such as low effectiveness and adverse side effects. There is thus a critical need to continuously develop new and more effective drugs against cancer. Herbal plants serve as a potential source for a wide variety of complex compounds with probable anticancer activity. E. foeminea is an herb whose use in the Middle East recently gained popularity as a remedy for cancer. There is however minimal empirical evidence regarding the anticancer effects of E. foeminea. In this study, the effect of E.foeminea ethyl acetate, ethanol and water extracts on morphology, viability, migratory ability and gene expression of U2OS osteosarcoma cells was examined. U2OS viability, migratory ability and the steady-state mRNA levels of genes involved in these processes were respectively studied using MTT assay, wound healing assay and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Results showed that all tested extracts significantly reduced U2OS percentage viability in a manner dependent on both dose and time with varying potencies; the least half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) recorded was that of the water extract after 48h incubation (30.761±1.4 μg/ml) followed by the ethyl acetate extract after 72h incubation (80.35±1.233 μg/ml) and finally the ethanol extract after 48h incubation (97.499±1.188 μg/ml). Ethanol extract significantly reduced U2OS percentage wound closure while both ethanol and water extracts significantly reduced the steady-state mRNA expression of Beta-catenin and its downstream targets, Twist1 and RUNX2, which are critical in promoting both proliferation and cell migration in osteosarcoma. These results suggest that E. foeminea decreases U2OS cell viability and migration by modulating the expression of key genes involved in regulating these processes. |
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