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The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers
Dissertation (MSc (Agric) Animal Science)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613533633511424 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Nkukwana, Thobela T. |
| author_browse | Nkukwana, Thobela T. |
| author_facet | Nkukwana, Thobela T. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2019 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Agric) Animal Science)--University of Pretoria, 2020. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/78526 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:39.871Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/78526 The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers Nkukwana, Thobela T. u15016324@tuks.co.za Crots, Franscois Rossouw, Hermanus Jacobus Animal Nutrition Animal Science Poultry Nutrition Poultry Physiology Poultry Welfare Broilers Soybean meal quality Effect of soybean meal quality on broiler performance, physiology and welfare UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-02 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 Dissertation (MSc (Agric) Animal Science)--University of Pretoria, 2020. Broilers are nearing their genetic potential and nutritional strategies are the primary means to improve their performance. Improving raw material quality, especially soybean meal, could improve broiler performance, health and welfare. Inadequate processing of soybean meal leads to high residual anti-nutritional factors (ANF) which has a negative influence on broiler performance. High trypsin inhibitor content in low- quality soybean meal causes decreased protein digestion and absorption. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal quality of soybean meal for commercial use to promote performance and welfare parameters of broiler chickens. Ten dietary treatments were formulated to the same nutritional specifications, but with different soybean meals that ranged from very high-quality (Treatment 1) to the lowest quality (Treatment 10). The quality of soybean meal was determined using Table 2.1 as target values for each soybean meal quality parameter. Soybean meal quality was evaluated using urease levels (pH change), TIA (trypsin inhibitor activity), Evonik TIA, KOH (potassium hydroxide solubility), Evonik KOH, Evonik PDI (protein dispersibility index) and Evonik PCI (processing conditions indicator). The treatment diets were fed to 4800 broilers that were randomly allocated to 80 pens, each with 60 birds and eight replicates. Over a 35-day growth trial, broiler performance, welfare and physiological traits were measured on a weekly basis. Overall, improved performance was observed with higher-quality soybean meal outperforming the lower-quality soybean meal. High-quality soybean meal showed significantly better feed conversion ratio’s (FCR) and European performance efficiency factor (PEF) throughout the 35-day period, and significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) up until day 21. Bodyweight (BW), feed intake (FI) and mortality showed no significant differences irrespective of soybean meal quality. No significant differences were found in physiological traits namely: pancreas weight as a percentage of bodyweight, pancreas length to bodyweight ratio, gizzard and proventriculus weight as a percentage of bodyweight and gizzard erosion score, (PW%BW, PL:BW, GPV%BW, GE score) irrespective of soybean meal quality. High quality soybean meal showed lower incidence and lower severity of rapid feed passage (RFP) and foot pad dermatitis (FPD). Evonik PCI and urease levels (pH change) showed the strongest correlation to broiler performance, health and welfare. This study suggests using soybean meal with the following quality parameters: urease levels of around 0.05, TIA levels of below 4mg/g, KOH levels of 78-80%, PDI levels of around 15 and PCI levels of around 11. The Evonik PCI and urease (pH change) analyses for soybean meal quality was found to be the easiest and cheapest method and can be recommended as the primary quality assays for commercial feed companies in the future. AFGRI bs2026 Animal and Wildlife Sciences MSc (Agric) Animal Science Unrestricted SDG-02: Zero hunger SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-12: Responsible consumption and production 2021-02-12T10:03:06Z 2021-02-12T10:03:06Z 2021-04 2020 Dissertation * A2021 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78526 en © 2019 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Animal Nutrition Animal Science Poultry Nutrition Poultry Physiology Poultry Welfare Broilers Soybean meal quality Effect of soybean meal quality on broiler performance, physiology and welfare UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-02 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title | The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title_full | The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title_fullStr | The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title_short | The effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance, physiology and welfare of broilers |
| title_sort | effect of varying soybean meal quality on the performance physiology and welfare of broilers |
| topic | Animal Nutrition Animal Science Poultry Nutrition Poultry Physiology Poultry Welfare Broilers Soybean meal quality Effect of soybean meal quality on broiler performance, physiology and welfare UCTD Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-02 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-03 Natural and agricultural sciences theses SDG-12 |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78526 |