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Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020.
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| Language: | en_ZA en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2020
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| _version_ | 1867613967191375872 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Thornhill, Alexander Wallace |
| author2 | Pieterse, Elsje |
| author_browse | Pieterse, Elsje Thornhill, Alexander Wallace |
| author_facet | Pieterse, Elsje Thornhill, Alexander Wallace |
| author_sort | Thornhill, Alexander Wallace |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/109147 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:44:33.029Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/109147 Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers Thornhill, Alexander Wallace Pieterse, Elsje Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Animal Sciences. Oils and fats -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- South Africa Lysophospholipids -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- Carcasses Lysophospholipids -- Physiological effect Poultry industry -- South Africa Poultry products Broilers (Chickens) -- Feeding and feeds Lipids in nutrition UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to investigate the potential to decrease the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) by including a lysophospholipid in the diet of broiler chickens. There were two oils used in the trail: refined soya oil and an unsaturated blend of animal fats and vegetable oils. For each type of oil, three diets were formulated, the first with standard AME and the other two containing 0.25 MJ/kg less. One of the reduced diets included a lysophospholipid, Lysoforte Extend Dry (LEX), at an inclusion level of 500 g/ton. Two thousand, one hundred and twelve chicks were randomly allocated to six treatments, where each treatment was replicated sixteen times. The broiler chickens were raised until slaughter at day 35 of age. Both oils were chemically analysed before diets were formulated, their AME values were calculated using the Wiseman equation corrected for moisture, impurities and unsaponifiables (MIU). Results from the analysis showed that AME values for young broilers, 0-21 days of age, was 36.69 MJ/kg for soya oil and 30.78 MJ/kg for the blended oil, a difference of 5.91 MJ/kg or 16.1% lower. The AME for older birds of ˃ 21 days was 37.66 for soya oil and 33.82 MJ/kg for the blended oil, which was a difference of 3.84 MJ/kg or 10.2% lower. The first phase of the study involved the effect of the decreased AME value and the addition of LEX on broiler production parameters; these parameters included body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), average daily gain (ADG), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and European production efficiency factor (EPEF). No significant differences were observed for any parameter on soya oil where LEX was added except cumulative FI, while on the blended oil the only parameters that were significantly lower than the control was average BW and a higher FCR. These two parameters of the blended oil were also significantly lower than soya oil with additional LEX. The second part of the trial investigated the effect on the organ and carcass characteristics of broilers. After slaughter the dressing percentage, relative organ weights, relative carcass portion weights and breast muscle pH were measured. No significant differences were observed for any parameter on the relative organ weights of the blended oil treatments, however on the soya oil treatments, significant differences were observed for the gizzard, liver, spleen and the gizzard erosion score. The only significant differences observed between soya oil and the blended oil was the liver and spleen relative weights, of which both was significantly higher on soya oil with additional LEX. On carcass characteristics there were no significant differences observed for any parameter on the blended oil treatments and also between the blended oil and soya oil treatments both with LEX. The only significant difference on soya oil was a lower relative breast weight when LEX was added, no other significant effects were observed for the soya oil treatments. Overall the study indicated that when LEX is added with a decreased dietary energy, there are no adverse effects on normal broiler production parameters, organ or carcass parameters of broilers. This highlights the importance of using LEX in the broiler industry, where reducing dietary energy results in a saving on the feed cost and ultimately results in an increased profitability within the broiler industry. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die potensiaal te ondersoek om die oënskynlike metaboliseerbare energie (AME) te verminder deur 'n lysofosfolipied in die dieet van braaikuikens by te voeg. Daar is twee olies in die studie gebruik, geraffineerde soja-olie en 'n onversadigde mengsel van diere vet en plantaardige olies. Vir elke soort olie is drie diëte geformuleer, die eerste met standaard AME en die ander twee wat 0.25 MJ / kg minder bevat. Een van die verminderde diëte bevat 'n lysofosfolipied, Lysoforte Extend Dry (LEX), met 'n insluiting van 500 g / ton. Twee duisend, een honderd en twaalf kuikens is sonder uitsoek toegeken aan ses behandelings, waar elke behandeling sestien keer herhaal is. Die braaikuikens is tot op die ouderdom van 35 dae grootgemaak en daarna geslag. Albei olies is chemies geanaliseer voordat diëte geformuleer is, en hul AME-waardes is bereken met behulp van die Wiseman-vergelyking, gekorrigeer vir vog, onsuiwerhede en onversoenbare middels (MIU). Resultate uit die analise het getoon dat AME-waardes vir jong braaikuikens, van 0-21 dae oud, 36.69 MJ / kg vir soja-olie en 30.78 MJ / kg vir die gemengde olie was, 'n verskil van 5.91 MJ / kg of 16.1% laer. Die AME vir ouer voëls van ˃ 21 dae was 37,66 vir soja-olie en 33.82 MJ / kg vir die gemengde olie, wat 'n verskil van 3.84 MJ / kg of 10.2% laer was. Die eerste deel van die studie het die effek van die verlaagde AME-waarde en die toevoeging van LEX op braaikuikenproduksie parameters behels, hierdie parameters het liggaamsgewig (BW), voerinname (FI), voeromsetverhouding (FCR), gemiddelde daaglikse groei ( ADG), proteïne-doeltreffendheidsverhouding (PER) en Europese produksiedoeltreffendheidsfaktor (EPEF) ingesluit. Geen merkwaardige verskille is waargeneem vir enige parameter op soja-olie waar LEX bygevoeg is nie, behalwe kumulatiewe FI, terwyl die enigste parameters wat aansienlik laer was as die kontrole op die gemengde olie, die gemiddelde BW en 'n hoër FCR was. Hierdie twee parameters van die gemengde olie was ook aansienlik laer as soja-olie met addisionele LEX. Die tweede deel van die proef het die effek op die orgaan- en karkaseienskappe van braaikuikens ondersoek. Na die braaikuikens geslag is, is die uitslag persentasie, relatiewe orgaangewigte, relatiewe karkas porsies en pH van die borsspier gemeet. Geen merkwaardige verskille is waargeneem vir enige parameter op die relatiewe orgaangewigte van die gemengde oliebehandelings nie, maar wel op die soja-oliebehandelings is merkwaardige verskille gevind ten opsigte van die spier-, lewer-, milt- en die spiermaag erosie telling. Die enigste merkwaardige verskille wat tussen soja-olie en die gemengde olie waargeneem is, was die lewer en milt se relatiewe orgaan gewig, waarvan albei aansienlik hoër was op soja-olie met addisionele LEX. Wat die eienskappe van die karkasse betref, was daar geen merkwaardige verskille waargeneem vir die parameter op die gemengde olie behandelings nie, en ook tussen die gemengde olie- en soja-oliebehandelings, beide met LEX nie. Die enigste betekenisvolle verskil op soja-olie was 'n laer relatiewe borsgewig waar LEX bygevoeg is. Geen ander merkwaardige verskille is waargeneem vir die behandelings met soja-olie nie. In die algemeen het die studie aangedui dat wanneer LEX bygevoeg word met 'n verminderde voedingsenergie sonder enige nadelige effek op die normale braaikuiken produksie parameters, die orgaan en karkasparameters van braaikuikens het nie. Dit beklemtoon die belangrikheid van die gebruik van LEX in die braaikuikenbedryf, waar die vermindering van dieëtenergie 'n besparing op die voerkoste tot gevolg het en uiteindelik 'n verhoogde winsgewendheid binne die braaikuikenbedryf tot gevolg het. Masters 2020-12-03T10:44:54Z 2021-01-31T19:37:10Z 2020-12-03T10:44:54Z 2021-01-31T19:37:10Z 2020-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109147 en_ZA en_ZA Stellenbosch University application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Oils and fats -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- South Africa Lysophospholipids -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- Carcasses Lysophospholipids -- Physiological effect Poultry industry -- South Africa Poultry products Broilers (Chickens) -- Feeding and feeds Lipids in nutrition UCTD Thornhill, Alexander Wallace Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title | Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title_full | Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title_short | Evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance, carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| title_sort | evaluation of a lysophospholipid using two oils on performance carcass composition and organ characteristics of broilers |
| topic | Oils and fats -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- South Africa Lysophospholipids -- Analysis Broilers (Chickens) -- Carcasses Lysophospholipids -- Physiological effect Poultry industry -- South Africa Poultry products Broilers (Chickens) -- Feeding and feeds Lipids in nutrition UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109147 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thornhillalexanderwallace evaluationofalysophospholipidusingtwooilsonperformancecarcasscompositionandorgancharacteristicsofbroilers |