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Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2022
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| _version_ | 1867614135324246016 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | De Beer, Carla |
| author2 | Peters, Shaun W. |
| author_browse | De Beer, Carla Peters, Shaun W. |
| author_facet | Peters, Shaun W. De Beer, Carla |
| author_sort | De Beer, Carla |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/124924 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:47:13.687Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/124924 Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development De Beer, Carla Peters, Shaun W. Loedolff, Bianke Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Genetics. Institute for Plant Biotechnology. Pigeon pea -- Seeds Plants -- Effect of global warming on Falafel Descriptive sensory analyses Antioxidants Metabolites -- Therapeutic use Pigeon pea -- Nutrition Cajanus cajan -- Breeding UCTD Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Global food systems are currently under pressure, not only to meet the demand for food production, but also toward diversifying our selection of crops based on their nutrient profile. Furthermore, the effects of global warming are key contributors in reducing agricultural food production. Food security issues have thus become an emergent future concern and the United Nations have included nutrition as part of their sustainable development goals, with SDG 2 speaking to equitable access of nutritious food. This has led to the belief that humanity needs to consider investigating alternativ, or future fit, crop models to increase food and nutrient production. Amongst a group of plants targeted are the pulses. They are harvested for their seeds and, are nutritionally superior to the common cereal crops (rice, maize, and wheat) which we currently rely on. Nutrients contributed by plants can be divided into primary and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites, such as starch, proteins and lipids, are sources of energy for the human body, whereas secondary metabolites often display bioactive properties which can be utilised for their therapeutic potential. This study sought to uncover some of the basic aspects of primary and secondary metabolites present in pigeon pea seeds. Apart from demonstrating the presence of resistant starch (a key driver in human gut microbiome health), we investigated the secondary metabolite profile of the hull from a pigeon pea line and, tentatively identified an array of therapeutically important metabolites using LC-MS/MS and metabolite database searches. Amongst them were luteolin and quercetin, also previously identified in pigeon pea. Furthermore, total antioxidant capacity and DNA protection assays demonstrated that the pigeon pea seed, especially the hull, could be considered as a functional health component of the crop, because of the presence of numerous bioactive metabolites (albeit tentatively identified) potentially providing such antioxidant capacity. Despite the hull being removed during the processing of commercially available pigeon peas, we set out to determine whether we could develop a food product with pigeon pea flour, and to test for its quantitative and qualitative aspects using descriptive sensory analysis (DSA). Pigeon pea flour was compared to that of chickpea as a falafel base. The pigeon pea flour demonstrated stronger savoury-associated attributes (nutty, garlic, cumin, green, savoury, salty) and texture profile analysis indicated that coarsely ground flour produces a moister, less dense, and less hard falafel. From the targeted metabolite analysis, there is motivation for further research and opportunity for product development based on the health benefits the crop poses. The DSA demonstrated that pigeon pea flour can be used to create a falafel, akin to that of chickpea. Depending on future consumer panels, such falafels could use the outcomes of the DSA to make necessary consumer-preferred flavour and aroma adjustments, and potentially successfully incorporate a new crop into our current food systems. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar. Masters 2022-03-09T14:44:26Z 2022-04-29T09:41:28Z 2022-03-09T14:44:26Z 2022-04-29T09:41:28Z 2022-04 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124924 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xvii, 74 pages : illustrations (some color) application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Pigeon pea -- Seeds Plants -- Effect of global warming on Falafel Descriptive sensory analyses Antioxidants Metabolites -- Therapeutic use Pigeon pea -- Nutrition Cajanus cajan -- Breeding UCTD De Beer, Carla Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title | Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title_full | Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title_fullStr | Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title_short | Targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and, toward product (falafel) development |
| title_sort | targeted metabolite profiling of pigeon pea cajanus cajan seeds and toward product falafel development |
| topic | Pigeon pea -- Seeds Plants -- Effect of global warming on Falafel Descriptive sensory analyses Antioxidants Metabolites -- Therapeutic use Pigeon pea -- Nutrition Cajanus cajan -- Breeding UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124924 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT debeercarla targetedmetaboliteprofilingofpigeonpeacajanuscajanseedsandtowardproductfalafeldevelopment |