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Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.

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Main Author: Rock, Chrischar
Other Authors: Robinson, Maureen
Format: Thesis
Language:en_ZA
Published: Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University 2022
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access_status_str Open Access
author Rock, Chrischar
author2 Robinson, Maureen
author_browse Robinson, Maureen
Rock, Chrischar
author_facet Robinson, Maureen
Rock, Chrischar
author_sort Rock, Chrischar
collection Thesis
dc_rights_str_mv Stellenbosch University
description Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
format Thesis
id oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/126034
institution Stellenbosch University (South Africa)
language en_ZA
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:47:00.921Z
license_str Other — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository
publishDate 2022
publishDateRange 2022
publishDateSort 2022
publisher Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
publisherStr Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
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source_str SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository
spelling oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/126034 Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives Rock, Chrischar Robinson, Maureen Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Education. Dept. of Curriculum Studies. Democracy and education -- South Africa Education -- Political aspects Citizenship -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Mentoring in education Teachers -- Training of UCTD Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the advent of democracy in South Africa, policy documents and curriculum guides have attempted to shape and provide a framework for democratic citizenship education in schools. Even with such policies being in place, this research works from the premise that through teachers’ practices, perspectives, and lived experiences in classrooms and schools, policy endeavours and ideals for democratic citizenship education can be given meaning. The study draws on practice theory, where the emphasis lies on examining practices in practice. The study uses the notion of sense-making, which includes the central concepts of individual cognition, situated cognition, and policy signals. Through its findings, the research sheds light on teachers’ conceptualisation of democratic citizenship education and how it is implemented, organised, and practiced across different classrooms in different schools. The study utilized qualitative research methods within an interpretivist framework, and it focused on eight Life Orientation teachers, all in their first five years of teaching. Data-collection methods included lesson observations and semi-structured interviews. The lesson observations offered insight into how these teachers implemented democratic citizenship education in their respective classrooms. Semi-structured interviews allowed the research participants to discuss their perspectives on democratic citizenship education and offer further insights into the pedagogical strategies observed in lessons. This study has identified that, conceptually and empirically, there exists a gap between how curriculum policy in South Africa articulates the values and strategies of democratic citizenship education and teachers’ understanding and interpretations of these ideas. Findings indicate the importance of the relationship between the teacher as the individual sense-maker, the situational context, and external policy representations on teachers’ conceptualisation and implementation of democratic citizenship education. The study showed how teachers are constrained or enabled by their situational context and the different ways in which they take initiative to navigate their individual contexts. Results indicate a need for a better understanding of how teachers themselves make sense of democratic citizenship education in practice and the influence of the situational context on teachers’ classroom pedagogy. As one strategy towards this end, the study argues that teacher education programs, both in their design and implementation, need to create opportunities for pre-service and in-service teachers to develop pedagogical approaches to explore, implement and promote democratic citizenship education. By giving attention to the findings and recommendations of this study, it is argued that we may develop a better understanding of the teacher (self), the profession, and the practice for the realisation of democratic citizenship education in schools in South Africa. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die aanbreek van demokrasie in Suid-Afrika het beleidsdokumente en kurrikulumgidse probeer vorm gee aan en ʼn raamwerk voorsien vir die onderrig van demokratiese burgerskap in skole. Hierdie navorsing berus op die veronderstelling dat, alhoewel sodanige beleide bestaan, dit onderwysers se praktyke, perspektiewe en belewenisse in klaskamers en skole is wat sin gee aan beleidsondernemings en die ideale vir die onderrig van demokratiese burgerskap. Hierdie studie word binne die raamwerk van die praktykteorie geplaas waar die klem le op die ondersoek van praktyke in die praktyk. Die studie gebruik die gedagte van singewing wat die sentrale begrippe “individuele kognisie”, “gesitueerde kognisie” en “beleidseine” bevat. Die bevindings van die studie werp lig op onderwysers se konseptualisering van demokratiese burgerskaponderrig en hoe dit geimplementeer, georganiseer en toegepas word in verskillende klaskamers in verskillende skole. Die studie gebruik kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes binne ʼn interpretatiewe raamwerk en fokus op agt Lewensorientering-onderwysers wat almal in hul eerste vyf jaar van onderwys is. Data-insamelingsmetodes het leswaarnemings en semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude behels. Die leswaarnemings het insig gebied in hoe hierdie onderwysers demokratiese burgerskaponderrig in hul onderskeie klaskamers geimplementeer het. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude het die deelnemers in staat gestel om hul perspektiewe op demokratiese burgerskaponderrig te bespreek en verdere insigte te bied in die pedagogiese strategiee wat in die lesse waargeneem is. Hierdie studie het geidentifiseer dat daar, konseptueel en empiries, ʼn leemte bestaan tussen hoe kurrikulumbeleid in Suid-Afrika die waardes en strategiee van demokratiese burgerskaponderrig enersyds, en onderwysers se begrip en interpretasies van hierdie gedagtes andersyds, artikuleer. Bevindings het die belangrikheid aangetoon van die verhouding tussen die onderwyser as die individuele singewer, die situasionele konteks, en die eksterne beleid oor onderwysers se konseptualisering en implementering van demokratiese burgerskaponderrig. Die studie toon hoe onderwysers aan bande gele of bevoegdheid gegee word deur hul situasionele konteks en die verskillende maniere waarop hulle die inisiatief neem om hul individuele kontekste te navigeer. Resultate dui op die behoefte ʼn beter begrip van hoe onderwysers vir hulself sin maak van demokratiese burgerskaponderrig in praktyk en die invloed van die situasionele konteks op onderwysers se klaskamerpedagogie. Die studie voer aan dat een strategie hiervoor is dat onderwysersonderrigprogramme in ontwerp en in implementering geleenthede moet bied vir pre-diens- en in-diensonderwysers om pedagogiese benaderings te ontwikkel ten einde demokratiese burgerskaponderrig te verken, implementeer en bevorder. Daar word betoog dat, deur aandag te skenk aan die bevindings en aanbevelings van hierdie studie, ons ʼn beter begrip sal ontwikkel vir die onderwyser (self), die beroep, en die praktyk vir die verwesenliking van demokratiese burgerskaponderrig in skole in Suid-Afrika. Doctoral 2022-11-23T07:07:21Z 2023-01-16T12:46:45Z 2022-11-23T07:07:21Z 2023-01-16T12:46:45Z 2022-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/126034 en_ZA Stellenbosch University xi, 160 pages : illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
spellingShingle Democracy and education -- South Africa
Education -- Political aspects
Citizenship -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
Mentoring in education
Teachers -- Training of
UCTD
Rock, Chrischar
Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title_full Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title_fullStr Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title_short Democratic citizenship education in South African schools: Teachers' practices and perspectives
title_sort democratic citizenship education in south african schools teachers practices and perspectives
topic Democracy and education -- South Africa
Education -- Political aspects
Citizenship -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
Mentoring in education
Teachers -- Training of
UCTD
url http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/126034
work_keys_str_mv AT rockchrischar democraticcitizenshipeducationinsouthafricanschoolsteacherspracticesandperspectives