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Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress
Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | en_ZA |
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
2021
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| _version_ | 1867613768208351232 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Richard, Anca |
| author2 | De Bruin, Gideon |
| author_browse | De Bruin, Gideon Richard, Anca |
| author_facet | De Bruin, Gideon Richard, Anca |
| author_sort | Richard, Anca |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | Stellenbosch University |
| description | Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123890 |
| institution | Stellenbosch University (South Africa) |
| language | en_ZA |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:41:23.238Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| publisherStr | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/123890 Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress Richard, Anca De Bruin, Gideon Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Industrial Psychology. Work-life balance -- South Africa Job stress -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa Job stress -- Social aspects -- South Africa Employees -- Social networks -- South Africa Gender identity in the workplace -- South Africa UCTD Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. ENGLISH SUMMARY : The 21st century shift brought about many changes, including the perceptions regarding traditional gender roles. As a result, the boundaries between work and family roles have blurred and men and women are now responsible for participating in both caretaker and breadwinner roles. This phenomenon, along with the abrupt COVID-19 pandemic, highlighted the existence of role conflict. This conflict has led to an increase in the incidence of occupational stress amongst men and women, and research has clearly identified that occupational stress undermines both individual and organisational well-being. A gap in the South African literature was identified, highlighting effective variables that mediate the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress, for both men and women. Consequently, the present study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of perceived emotional-social support as a possible mediating variable. Available research is characterised by inconsistent and even conflicting results in terms of gender, occupational stress, work-life conflict and perceived emotional-social support. This study therefore investigates the questions of whether the effect of work-life conflict on occupational stress is the same for men and women; if the effect of work-life conflict on perceived emotional-social support is the same for men and women; if the effect of perceived emotional-social support on occupational stress is the same for men and women; and finally if perceived emotional-social support mediates the effect of work-life conflict on occupational stress, and if this effect is the same for men and women. A large sample size (2097 working individuals) was examined in the Structural Equation Modelling framework, while using a reliable measuring instrument - the Sources of Work Stress Inventory - to gain even more statistical power. In order to assure replicability of results, the archival dataset was fitted to two data sets, namely the ‘calibration’ and the ‘validation’ samples. The analysis focused on examining the psychometric properties of the three the scales representing the latent variables, fitting the mediation model to the manifest data using structural equation modelling, evaluating whether a mediation process is present and testing whether the parameters of the model are invariant across both men and women. This study found that work-life conflict affects occupational stress in that increased work-life conflict leads to increased occupational stress, whilst work-life conflict affects employees’ experiences of perceived emotional-social support in the workplace, such that increased work-life conflict leads to reduced levels of perceived emotional-social support. In turn, perceived emotional-social support also affects occupational stress in that reduced support leads to increased occupational stress and, finally, perceived emotional-social support has a partial, mediating effect on the relationship between work-life conflict on occupational stress for men and women. This leads to the conclusion that receiving emotional-social support from colleagues and managers, in the form of constructive interpersonal relationships, has the potential to soften the effect of work-life conflict on occupational stress. Therefore, this research also presents an effective intervention from which both groups will benefit. Finally, this study’s theoretical and practical contribution fills a significant research gap in South African literature, while holding significant benefits for both employee and organisational well-being and growth. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Die aankoms van die 21ste eeu het baie veranderinge meegebring, insluitend die persepsies rakende tradisionele geslagsrolle. As gevolg hiervan het die grense tussen werk- en gesinsrolle vervaag en is mans en vroue nou verantwoordelik om aan beide rolle deel te neem. Hierdie verskynsel, te same met die skielike COVID-19 pandemie, het die manifestasie van rolkonflik beklemtoon. Daarom verhoog die ervaring van beroepstres onder mans en vroue, terwyl navorsing prominent bewys dat dit individuele en organisatoriese welstand ondermyn. Daarbenewens is 'n leemte in die Suid-Afrikaanse literatuur gevind oor effektiewe veranderlikes wat die verhouding van konflik tussen werk en lewe en beroepsstres bemiddel, op dieselfde manier vir mans en vroue. Die huidige studie het gevolglik die effektiwiteit van waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning as 'n moontlike bemiddelende veranderlike geëvalueer. Beskikbare navorsing word gekenmerk deur inkonsekwente en selfs teenstrydige resultate ten opsigte van geslag, beroepsstres, konflik tussen werk en lewe en emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning. Daarom ondersoek hierdie studie of die effek van konflik tussen werk en lewe op beroepstres dieselfde is vir mans en vroue; of die effek van konflik tussen werk en lewe op waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning dieselfde is vir mans en vroue; of die effek van waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning op beroepstres dieselfde is vir mans en vroue; en laastens, of waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning die effek van konflik tussen werk en lewe op beroepstres bemiddel, en of hierdie effek dieselfde is vir mans en vroue. 'n Groot steekproef is in die strukturele vergelyking-modellering raamwerk ondersoek, terwyl 'n betroubare meetinstrument - die ‘Sources of Work Stress Inventory’ - gebruik is om nog meer statistiese krag te verkry. Om repliseerbaarhied van die resultate te verseker, is die Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za argiefdatastel by twee datastelle aangebring, naamlik die ‘Calibration’ en ‘Validation’ monster. Die analise het gefokus op die ondersoek van psigometriese eienskappe van die drie latente veranderlikes, die aanpassing van die mediasie-model by die manifes-data met behulp van strukturele vergelyking-modellering, die evaluering of 'n mediasie proses aanwesig is en of die parameters van die model onveranderd is vir mans en vroue. Hierdie studie het bevind dat konflik tussen werk en lewe beroepsstres beïnvloed, sodat verhoogde konflik tussen werk en lewe tot verhoogde beroepstres kan lei, terwyl konflik tussen werk en lewe 'n uitwerking het op werknemers se ervarings van waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning in die werkplek, sodat verhoogde werk-lewe konflik lei tot verminderde vlakke van waargenome emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning. Op sy beurt, beïnvloed die waargenome emosionele-sosiale ondersteuning ook beroepsstres, sodat verminderde ondersteuning tot verhoogde beroepstres lei, en emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning, het uitendelik 'n gedeeltelike, mediasie effek op die verhouding tussen werk-lewe-konflik op beroepstres vir beide mans en vroue. Dus, is daar bewys dat die ontvangs van emosioneel-sosiale ondersteuning van kollegas en bestuurders, in die vorm van konstruktiewe interpersoonlike verhoudings, die potensiaal het om die effek van konflik tussen werk en lewe op beroepstres te versag. Hierdie bevinding bied in effek ook 'n effektiewe intervensie, waarvan albei geslagsgroepe voordeel sal trek. Laastens, vul die teoretiese en praktiese bydrae van hierdie studie 'n aansienlike navorsingsgaping in die Suid-Afrikaanse literatuur, terwyl die bevindinge groot voordele inhou vir beide werknemers- en organisatoriese welstand en groei. Masters 2021-12-02T13:31:46Z 2021-12-22T14:27:22Z 2021-12-02T13:31:46Z 2021-12-22T14:27:22Z 2021-12 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123890 en_ZA Stellenbosch University [167] pages ; illustrations application/pdf Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| spellingShingle | Work-life balance -- South Africa Job stress -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa Job stress -- Social aspects -- South Africa Employees -- Social networks -- South Africa Gender identity in the workplace -- South Africa UCTD Richard, Anca Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title | Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title_full | Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title_fullStr | Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title_short | Gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional-social support in the relationship between work-life conflict and occupational stress |
| title_sort | gender invariance of the mediating effect of perceived emotional social support in the relationship between work life conflict and occupational stress |
| topic | Work-life balance -- South Africa Job stress -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa Job stress -- Social aspects -- South Africa Employees -- Social networks -- South Africa Gender identity in the workplace -- South Africa UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123890 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT richardanca genderinvarianceofthemediatingeffectofperceivedemotionalsocialsupportintherelationshipbetweenworklifeconflictandoccupationalstress |